Scientific Principles
This metric system prefix means 1,000.
What is kilo?
The taxonomic hierarchies in order from most general to most specific.
What is Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species?
This is the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.
What is osmosis?
This molecule is the cell's main energy currency.
What is ATP?
G1, S, and G2 make up this longest stage of the cell cycle.
What is interphase?
DNA has this twisted-ladder shape.
What is a double helix?
Making an mRNA copy from a DNA template is called this.
What is transcription?
In an experiment, this variable is deliberately changed by the researcher and is placed on the x-axis of a graph.
What is the independent variable?
In the scientific name Canis lupus, Canis is this taxonomic rank.
What is genus?
The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move ions against their concentration gradient, making it an example of this.
What is active transport?
These are the three main products of aerobic cellular respiration.
What are water, carbon dioxide, and ATP?
This is the process by which one parent cell divides to produce two genetically identical diploid daughter cells.
What is mitosis?
These are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA.
What is adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine?
This three-nucleotide sequence on mRNA codes for one amino acid.
What is a codon?
Unlike an everyday guess, a scientific one of these is a well-tested explanation supported by a large body of evidence
What is a theory?
This is the two-part naming system scientists use to give organisms their scientific names.
What is binomial nomenclature?
A red blood cell is placed in this type of solution, so it will swell and possibly burst.
What is a hypotonic solution?
This stage of aerobic respiration is where CO2 is produced.
What is the Krebs cycle?
When checkpoints fail and cells divide uncontrollably, this disease can result.
During DNA replication, this enzyme separates the two strands of the DNA double helix.
What is DNA helicase?
These three types of RNA are all involved in translation.
What is mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA?
249 mL is equal to this many liters
What is 0.249L?
These are the three domains of life.
What are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya?
When a cell is placed in this type of solution, water moves in and out at equal rates, achieving a state of dynamic equilibrium.
What is an isotonic solution?
This stage occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
What is the electron transport chain?
Division of the cytoplasm after cell division is called this.
What is cytokinesis?
This is the replicated copy of the DNA template strand A G T C C A G T A C A G.
What is T C A G G T C A T G T C?
The ribosome if where this process of protein synthesis occurs.
What is translation?
A Pearson r value of -0.93 tells you the two variables have this kind of relationship.
What is a strong negative correlation?
These are the six kingdoms of life.
What are eubacteria, archaebacteria, protista, plantae, animalia, and fungi?
Glucose requires the help of specialized proteins to cross the cell membrane via this type of transport, as it is too large and polar to pass through the lipid bilayer on its own.
What is facilitated diffusion?
A cell suddenly runs out of oxygen but still needs ATP. It can switch to this process to keep glycolysis running.
What is fermentation?
In this phase, sister chromatids separate and are pulled toward opposite poles.
What is anaphase?
These are the three parts of a nucleotide.
What is a phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base?
The DNA template strand TAC GGA CTG AAC is transcribed into this mRNA sequence.
What is AUG CCU GAC UUG?