ARE YOU KIDNEY ME?
During which process of urine formation do drugs and hydrogen ions enter the filtrate?
glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
elimination
micturition
tubular secretion
What are the 10- to 12-inch muscular tubes that carry urine to the bladder called?
Hilum
ureters
renal pelvis
renal cortex
renal tubule
ureters
When taking a urine sample from a patient for testing, you notice it is cloudy. This could indicate ________blank.
cystitis
renal failure
renal calculi
incontinence
poor cleansing when collecting the urine
cystitis
Which of the following describes acute renal failure?
kidneys slowly lose function
commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes
can result from poisons and/or alcohol abuse
surgical repair of obstructions may correct failure
can be caused by nervous system disorders
can result from poisons and/or alcohol abuse
They propel urine towards the urinary bladder through rhythmic muscular contractions of the ureters.
Micturition
Peristalsis
Tubular secretion
Peristalsis
In which process of urine formation are nutrients, ions, and water returned to the body?
glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
elimination
micturition
tubular reabsorption
Which urinary system structure takes urine away from the bladder?
ureters
renal tubule
urethra
kidney
glomerulus
urethra
An immune disorder is a possible cause for which disease?
cystitis
glomerulonephritis
pyelonephritis
polycystic kidneys
chronic renal failure
glomerulonephritis
Which of the following does not describe acute kidney failure?
kidneys suddenly lose function
commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes
may cause excessive urine production
can result from hemorrhaging
may be a result of food poisoning
commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes
The crushing of a stone in the renal pelvis, ureter, or bladder by mechanical force or sound waves
Calculitripsy
lithotripsy
Renaltripsy
Lithotripsy
Substances such as drugs, ions, and waste products are moved during the ________blank process of urine formation and are eliminated in urine.
glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
elimination
micturition
tubular secretion
The ________blank use(s) a peristaltic action to take urine to the bladder.
ureters
renal tubule
urethra
kidney
glomerulus
ureters
Renal calculi could result from ________blank.
obstruction in the tubules
dehydration
anaphylactic reactions
overhydration
bladder infections
dehydration
Which of the following does not describe chronic renal failure?
kidneys slowly lose function
commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes
can result from poisons and/or alcohol abuse
surgical repair of obstructions may correct failure
may cause headache and mental confusion
can result from poisons and/or alcohol abuse
Microscopic structures in the kidneys that filter waste products from the blood and form urine
Glomerulus
Nephrons
Micturition
Detrusor
Nephrons
When a female patient develops cystitis, the most likely cause is from ________blank.
dehydration
fecal contamination
drinking a lot of water
frequent urination
wiping front to back
fecal contamination
The detrusor muscle is part of the ________blank.
ureters
bladder
urethra
kidney
liver
bladder
How does pyelonephritis begin?
as an infection in the kidneys
as an autoimmune reaction
as a side effect of some medications
with a loss of kidney function
with a bladder infection
with a bladder infection
Carol recently had surgery to repair a urinary sphincter. Since then, she has had trouble with urinary incontinence. The physician has assured her that this will be a temporary condition, but she wants to know what she can do to help alleviate this problem. Which of the following is your best reply?
"Wear incontinence pads for a while; it takes a long time to heal after surgery."
"You can do Kegel exercises to increase your control of the urinary sphincters."
"We can perform another surgery to repair your urethral sphincter."
"Try using an over-the-counter diuretic to make the urge to urinate stronger."
"Stop taking your prescription diuretic until you recover from the surgery."
"You can do Kegel exercises to increase your control of the urinary sphincters."
The medial cavity forming the nonfunctional portion of a kidney.
Renal cortex
renal sinus
Renal medulla
Renal pyramids
Renal Sinus
Yolanda has been diagnosed several times in the last year with cystitis. She asks the practitioner if there is anything she can do to prevent future episodes of cystitis. What is the best response to her question?
"Using a condom during sexual intercourse can help prevent cystitis."
"Always clean the perineal area from front to back."
"You can call us every three months for a refill on your antibiotics."
"Avoid using public toilets whenever possible."
"Always clean the perineal area from front to back."
You would anticipate that a patient who has had ________blank may develop cystitis.
multiple pregnancies
a history of international travel
pelvic inflammatory disease
an indwelling urinary catheter
multiple sexual partners
an indwelling urinary catheter
Which of these urinary diseases is likely to be treated with corticosteroids?
cystitis
acute renal failure
glomerulonephritis
polycystic kidneys
incontinence
glomerulonephritis
Donna came to the office today complaining of back pain, fever, nausea, and blood in her urine. She has a recent history of bladder infection. The physician diagnoses pyelonephritis. Which of the following would you expect the physician to prescribe?
a systemic antiviral agent
bladder surgery
low-sodium, low-protein diet
kegel exercises
pain medication and antibiotics
pain medication and antibiotics
You are working at an urgent care clinic when a patient is brought in by several of his friends. He is conscious but seems very confused. At first, the friends say they're worried because he had too much to drink, but then they admit that he was using drugs also. The patient's hands are shaking, and when he wipes his nose with a tissue, you can see blood on the tissue. Which of the following conditions would the physician likely be most concerned about?
pyelonephritis
glomerulonephritis
polycystic kidney disease
acute renal failure
renal calculi
acute renal failure