BODY SYSTEMS
Supports and protects the body and helps it move.
What is the skeletal system?
What are the three macronutrients?
Carbohydrates, protein, and fat
What is the body's preferred energy source?
Carbohydrates
Approximately what percentage of the human body is water?
60%
What is the general amount for calorie maintenence?
2000 Cal.
Controls the body and communicates between its parts.
What is the nervous system?
What is the difference between macronutrients and micronutrients?
Macronutrients are needed in larger amounts; micronutrients in smaller amounts
What is one example of a simple carbohydrate?
Honey
Which four vitamins require fat for absorption?
Vitamins A, D, E, and K
What is a calorie deficit?
Consuming fewer calories than the body needs
Which system controls body functions and communication, and which produces voluntary and involuntary movement?
Nervous system; muscular system
According to the course, how much protein is recommended per 2,000 calories?
50 grams
What is glycogen, and where is it stored?
Stored glucose, primarily in the muscles and liver
Name four important electrolytes.
Sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium
What is a calorie surplus?
Consuming more calories than the body needs
Which system circulates blood, and which system helps fight foreign particles and absorb fats?
Cardiovascular; lymphatic
Name three high-protein foods and explain one role of protein
Examples include eggs, meat, fish, Greek yogurt, beans, and tofu; protein supports growth and tissue repair
Explain the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates
Simple carbohydrates are generally digested faster; complex carbohydrates provide more sustained energy
Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats.
Saturated fats are often solid at room temperature; unsaturated fats are generally liquid
What is the difference between calorie deficit, surplus, and balance?
Eating below needs, above needs, or approximately equal to energy expenditure
What are the functions of insulin and glucagon?
Insulin helps lower blood glucose; glucagon raises it when levels are low
What does the glycemic index measure?
It measures how quickly food raises blood sugar
Why are water and electrolytes important during physical activity?
They support temperature regulation, fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle function
Name two potentially harmful fitness-industry messages and explain whom you should consult before making major diet changes
Examples include extreme dieting and unrealistic body expectations; consult credentialed medical professionals and trusted adults familiar with your family history