Pediatric Diagnoses
This neurological condition results from non-progressive damage to the CNS before, during, or shortly after birth.
What is Cerebral Palsy?
Babies diagnosed with this condition are born with multiple joint contractures.
What is arthrogryposis?
The most common type of cerebral palsy characterized by tense, contracted muscles.
What is spastic cerebral palsy?
A newborn presents with a dimple and patch of hair over the lumbar spine, but no visible protrusion of neural tissue.
What is spina bifida occulta?
An 8-year-old child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy rises from the floor by first moving into a quadruped position and then using his hands to push against his legs while standing.
What is Gower's sign?
A progressive disease characterized by thick secretions affecting the lungs, pancreas, sweat glands, and reproductive system.
What is Cystic Fibrosis?
This term can be used to describe the appearance of the chest wall of a patient diagnosed with cystic fibrosis.
Barrel Chest?
A newborn experiences prolonged oxygen deprivation during delivery after an umbilical cord complication, which could cause cerebral palsy. This mechanism of injury is known as:
What is anoxia?
A baby is born with a sac protruding through the spine that contains only meninges.
What is a meningocele?
A teenager with a history of spina bifida occulta begins experiencing progressive bowel and bladder incontinence. Imaging reveals that the spinal cord is abnormally attached within the spinal canal and has stretched with growth.
What is tethered cord syndrome?
This pediatric neuromuscular disease primarily affects males results from the absence of dystrophin.
What is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy?
This is the most common and typically earliest lower extremity contracture found in a child with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy?
Ankle plantarflexion
A child diagnosed with ataxic cerebral palsy, presenting with frequent loss of balance while walking and difficulty with coordinating reaching tasks, had damage to what structure of the brain.
What is the cerebellum?
A newborn has a spinal sac containing meninges, nerve roots, and spinal cord tissue.
What is a myelomeningocele?
A 19-year-old patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy has become increasingly fatigued and short of breath. Over the past year, he has developed a progressive weakness of the respiratory muscles and signs of cardiomyopathy. His healthcare team explains that these complications are the leading causes of mortality in individuals with this condition.
What are cardiac and respiratory complications?
This pediatric condition is caused by a neural tube defect during fetal development, frequently results in bowel and bladder dysfunction.
What is Spina Bifida (especially Myelomeningocele)?
The name of the instability in the cervical region of children with Trisomy 21.
What is Atlano-axial instability?
A child demonstrates involuntary writhing movements of the arms and difficulty maintaining a stable sitting position. Neuroimaging shows frontal lobe involvement.
What is athetoid cerebral palsy?
A child with spina bifida develops headaches, seizures, and enlarged ventricles due to impaired cerebral spinal fluid circulation.
What is hydrocephalus?
A 5-year-old child with autism is working with a therapist to improve communication and social skills. During sessions, the child receives praise and rewards for making eye contact, following directions, and appropriately requesting toys. Over time, these desired behaviors increase while disruptive behaviors decrease.
What is Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA)?
Blue sclera and brittle bones are hallmark signs of this disorder.
What is Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
Children with osteogenesis imperfecta have a genetic mutation that affects the production or structure of this protein which gives bone strength and flexibility.
What is collagen? (Specifically Type 1)
This condition occurs when bilirubin deposits in the brain because of severe jaundice and can cause cerebral palsy
What is kernicterus?
A child with spina bifida develops balance deficits and cranial nerve signs due to downward displacement of brain structures into the spinal canal.
What is Arnold-Chiari malformation?
During a PT session, a child with autism becomes overwhelmed by noise and activity in the gym. To prevent escalation and improve participation, the therapist has a planned strategy that allows the child to temporarily leave the stimulating environment and self-regulate before returning to therapy
What is a sensory break?