Atomic Anatomy
This positively charged particle is found in the atom's nucleus
proton
This type of band forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another and commonly produces salts.
ionic bond
This number represents neutral pH
7
This reaction builds a large molecule from smaller molecules
synthesis reaction
This macromolecule is the body's main immediate energy source
carbohydrates
What is the chemical symbol for Magnesium
Mg
These neutral particles are found int he nucleus and help determine an isotope
neutrons
This type of bond forms when atoms share electrons
covalent bond
A substance with a pH below 7 is classified as this.
acid
This reaction breaks a larger molecule into smaller molecules.
decomposition reaction
These molecules are the building blocks of proteins.
amino acids
What is the chemical symbol for sodium?
Na
In a neutral atom, the number of these negatively charged particles equals the number of protons.
electrons
The attraction between the slightly positive hydrogen of one water molecule and the slightly negative oxygen of another is this type of bond.
hydrogen bond
a substance with a pH above 7 is classified as this, and normal blood falls slightly in this range.
base or an alkaline substance
This reaction rearranges parts of reactants to form new products
exchange reaction
This type of bond joins amino acids together in a protein.
peptide bond
What is the chemical symbol for potassium?
K
An atom becomes this type of charged particle when it gains or loses electrons
ion
water weakens or disrupts ionic attractions
Normal human blood has a pH range of 7.35-7.45. what does this tell you about blood?
This term describes all chemical reactions in the body-not just digestion.
metabolism
DNA and RNA belong to this group of macromolecules, which are made of nucleotides
nucleic acids
What element is present in all organic compounds?
carbon
Two atoms of the same element have the same number of protons but different numbers of these particles.
Neutrons
These atoms are iostopes
Identify the bond type in each example:
the O-H bonds within one water molecule.
The attraction between separate water molecules.
The attraction is cause by an exchange of an electron.
covalent
hydrogen
ionic
This chemical system resists drastic changes in pH and helps maintain homeostasis.
buffer
The building-up part of metabolism is called this, while the breaking down part it called this.
anabolism
catabolism
What is special about essential amino acids?
They must be obtained from outside sources
What 4 elements make up the greatest percent of the human body?
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen