Urbanization and Immigration
New Technologies
Politics in the Gilded Age
Challenges of Urbanization
Mass Culture
100

the growth of cities 

urbanization

100

American pioneers of aviation; piloted the first successful gas powered airplane flight

Orville and Wilbur Wright

The Wright Brothers 

100

a tax on imports

tariff

100

multi-family urban dwelling

tenement

100

free government delivery of mail and packages to homes in rural areas

Rural Free Delivery (RFD)

200

an island in the San Francisco Bay that was an entry point for many Asian immigrants

Angel Island 

200

American scientist who used his research to improve agriculture to feed a large population

George Washington Carver

200

the non-military branches of government administration

civil service 

200

community center that addressed problems in slum neighborhoods

settlement houses

200

this activity gave women more independence 

bicycling 

300

favoring the interests of native born people over foreign born people

nativism

300

American landscape architect; designed Central Park

Frederick Law Olmstead

300

an officeholder's power to appoint people, usually those who have helped him or her get elected, to positions in government

patronage

300

program to assimilate people of wide-ranging cultures into American culture

Americanization movement 

300
American author best known for novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Mark Twain

400

a negative condition, event, or hardship at a person's current location that pressures, compels, or forces them to emigrate or leave

push factor 

400

invented flexible film and marketed the Kodak Camera

George Eastman

400

a group that controls a political party and offers services and businesses in exchange for political and financial support

political machine 

400

the ability of families to move into a higher social class

social mobility 

400

journalist and publisher of the New York Morning Journal and the San Francisco Examiner; famous for including exaggerated stories in his papers

William Randolph Hearst

500

a 1907-1908 agreement between the US and Japanese governments to limit immigration to the United States 

Gentlemen's Agreement 

500

journalist and publisher of the New York World; pioneered the Sunday edition, comics, sports, and women's news to sell papers

Joseph Pulitzer

500

law that established a bipartisan civil service commission to make appointments to government jobs by means of the merit system 

Pendleton Civil Service Act 

500

Jacob Riis' book that exposed the living conditions of the poor 

How the Other Half Lives 

500

a school of philosophical thought developed in the US that aimed to reconcile the tensions between science, morality, and religion

pragmatism