Causes of the Crash
This term describes buying stocks with a small down payment and borrowing the rest, rampant in the 1920s.
What is buying on margin?
Sarcastically named after the President, these shantytowns sprang up in cities across the nation.
What are Hoovervilles?
President Franklin D. Roosevelt used the radio for these informal addresses to reassure the American public.
What are Fireside Chats?
This 1935 act created a safety net for the elderly, unemployed, and disabled that still exists today.
What is the Social Security Act?
This was the collective name for FDR's domestic legislative agenda to combat the Great Depression.
What is the New Deal?
This independent federal agency failed to stabilize the nation's banking system, contributing to monetary contraction.
What is the Federal Reserve?
This severe environmental disaster plagued the Great Plains due to drought and poor farming practices.
What is the Dust Bowl?
This New Deal program employed young men in environmental projects like planting trees and building state parks.
What is the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?
This corporation was established to insure individual bank deposits, restoring public trust in the banking system.
What is the FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)?
Frustrated by the Supreme Court striking down key programs, FDR proposed this controversial plan to add more justices.
What is the Court-Packing Plan?
Factories and farms produced more goods than consumers could buy, a major cause of the depression known as this.
What is overproduction?
Hundreds of thousands of displaced farmers and migrant workers from Oklahoma left for California, earning this nickname.
What are Okies?
FDR immediately declared this type of "holiday" to stop panic and allow the federal government to inspect bank solvency.
What is a Bank Holiday?
Also known as the National Labor Relations Act, this law protected workers' rights to join unions and bargain collectively.
What is the Wagner Act?
This radical Louisiana Senator criticized FDR from the left and proposed the "Share Our Wealth" program.
Who is Huey Long?
Passed in 1930, this high tariff intended to protect American industries backfired and strangled international trade.
What is the Hawley-Smoot Tariff?
This group of WWI veterans marched on Washington D.C. in 1932 demanding early payment of their service certificates.
What is the Bonus Army?
This massive infrastructure project brought electricity, flood control, and jobs to a historically impoverished Southern region
What is the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)?
This New Deal agency was the largest, employing millions of people to build public buildings, roads, and fund the arts.
What is the Public Works Administration (PWA)?
This First Lady completely transformed her role by actively traveling, acting as FDR's "eyes and ears," and advocating for minorities.
Who is Eleanor Roosevelt?
The collapse of this specific economic sector throughout the 1920s foreshadowed the wider Great Depression.
What is the farm economy (agriculture)?
In 1933, the national unemployment rate peaked at this staggering percentage.
What is 25%?
This agency was created to regulate the stock market and prevent the fraud that led to the 1929 crash.
What is the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)?
The New Deal fundamentally shifted the public's expectation of this institution's role in the domestic economy.
What is the Federal Government?
Conservative critics and business leaders formed this league to oppose the New Deal, calling it unconstitutional and socialistic.
What is the American Liberty League?