Newton's Laws
Trolley Cart Prac
Energy
Random Variety
100
The equation describing the relationship between Force, Mass, and Acceleration, belongs to:
a) Newton's First Law
b) Newton's Second Law
c) Newton's Third Law
d) Newton's Secret Fourth Law
b) Newton's Second Law
100
The experiment involved testing the effect of various/changing masses (kg) and thus acceleration on the amount of force generated to pull a cart/trolley.
This was achieved by placing multiple weights onto an end of a rope, and attaching it to a trolley. The trolley would then travel a fixed distance and was timed, allowing us to calculate its acceleration.
Give the independent and dependent variable for this experiment.
Independent Variable
Mass of weights attached to end of rope and trolley.
Note: Saying 'Acceleration', as we changed the acceleration by changing the mass, is also acceptable.
Dependent Variable
Force exerted on trolley in Newtons
100
Give the definition of energy in a physics context.
An object's ability to perform work.
100
The largest confectionary (sweets) brand in the world is:
a) Cadbury
b) Mars Inc.
c) The Natural Confectionary Company
d) Type II Diabetes
b) Mars
200
What does inertia describe?
BONUS 100 points
What effect does the mass of an object have on its inertia?
An object's tendency to resist a change in motion.
B O N U S + 1 0 0 p t s
The larger the mass, the harder it is to change an object's motion
200
Outline a variable that was kept the same/controlled between each trial of this experiment?
Acceptable Responses include:
Weight/mass of trolley
Distance trolley travels
The person timing the trolley's travel
Rope used
Pulley used
200
Give the formula that calculates Kinetic Energy. Define each term.
200
Name the song that often accompanies this TikTok clip of a guy in a blue shirt dancing.
Assumptions - Sam Gellaitry
300
100 people vs 1 gorilla
The average mass of a silverback gorilla arm is 20kg.
Using its arm, if a gorilla throws a downward hammer-fist attack with an acceleration of 500 m/s2, calculate how much force (in Newtons) the gorilla will exert in its attack.
10,000 N
Some studies show that the average human professional boxer can throw punches with 1,000 N of force.
1 Gorilla Punch = ~10 Mike Tyson punches
300
Give one limitation or source of error in the experiment and suggest an appropriate improvement.
Example of an acceptable answer:
Limitation:
Person timing may be inconsistent in starting and stopping the timer.
Improvement:
Ensure that the person timing remains the same, so that the error is as consistent as possible.
Conduct more trials to increase data points to calculate a more accurate average.
300
During a day of fitness testing in PE class, Henry (who has a mass of 75kg) tests his vertical jump. He achieves a maximum height of 65cm.
Calculate the amount of kinetic energy Henry would have had to produce to reach this height.
477.75 J
300
How many hours of sleep should people between the ages of 13 - 17 years old get per night?
8 - 10 hours.
400
A cart is attached to a pulley by a string. A metal weight of unknown mass is attached to the end of the string, exerting a pulling force on the cart of 500N to the left. You pull the cart in the opposite direction, exerting 900N of force to the right.
Which direction will the cart move and what will be its net force?
sumF
400N left
400
After conducting the experiment, Georgia, Alisha, and Anisha produce the following graph using their data:
a) Calculate the gradient of the graph
b) Given that the relationship between the Force on the cart, its acceleration, and mass can be described by F = ma, what would the gradient of the graph represent?
a) 0.5
b) the gradient represents/predicts the mass of the cart. In this case, the cart is 0.5kg (500 grams).
400
A truck is travelling at a speed of 30 m/s and collides with a car. The impact is estimated to be at 9,000,000J.
Calculate the mass of the truck.
20,000kg
400
A train is travelling West to East. The driver applies a sudden emergency break, launching a seated, 70kg passenger's body forward at an acceleration of 2m/s2. In Newtons, how hard will the passenger get his face mashed into the seat in front of him and realise that most of the problems in his life are created not by external circumstances, but his own repeated self-sabotage?
140 Newtons of sudden realisation and regret.