Nutrition Fundamentals
What is the primary role of carbohydrates in the body?
Carbohydrates provide the body’s primary source of energy, especially for the brain and red blood cells.
Which vitamin deficiency is associated with night blindness?
Vitamin A deficiency.
Why are small, frequent meals recommended for clients with poor appetite?
They improve tolerance and help meet nutritional needs without overwhelming the client.
What eating pattern is recommended for hypertension?
The DASH eating pattern.
Why is plain language important in nutrition education?
It improves comprehension, recall, and adherence.
Why is protein especially important during illness or injury?
Protein supports tissue repair, immune function, and maintenance of lean body mass.
Why is vitamin C important for wound healing?
It supports collagen synthesis and immune function.
What nutrition focus is most important after surgery?
Adequate calories and protein to support healing and prevent muscle loss.
Why is sodium restriction important in heart failure?
It reduces fluid retention and cardiac workload.
What strategy helps clients understand portion sizes?
Using visual comparisons with everyday objects.
What is one function of dietary fat beyond providing energy?
Dietary fat aids absorption of fat‑soluble vitamins and supports cell membranes.
What mineral deficiency is most commonly linked to anemia?
Iron deficiency.
Why is enteral nutrition preferred over parenteral nutrition when possible?
It maintains gut integrity and lowers infection risk.
What dietary modification benefits COPD clients?
Higher fat, moderate protein, lower carbohydrate intake.
Why should nutrition education be individualized?
It improves adherence by respecting culture, preferences, and health needs.
Why is fiber important for gastrointestinal health?
Fiber promotes bowel regularity, gut health, glucose control, and satiety.
Why are older adults at higher risk for vitamin B12 deficiency?
Reduced stomach acid and intrinsic factor impair absorption.
What nutrition concern is common in critically ill clients?
Increased metabolic demand and protein catabolism.
Why do CKD clients need protein and electrolyte monitoring?
Impaired kidney function affects waste and electrolyte excretion.
What makes a nutrition flyer effective for low literacy?
Simple language, visuals, white space, and limited key messages.
What is the difference between micronutrients and macronutrients?
Macronutrients provide energy; micronutrients support metabolic processes.
How does vitamin D support bone and immune health?
It aids calcium absorption and immune regulation.
Why do burn patients need increased calories and protein?
Burns greatly increase metabolic rate and tissue repair needs.
How does the Mediterranean diet support heart health?
It emphasizes healthy fats, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein.
Why are small, actionable goals effective?
They increase confidence and long-term behavior change.