Skeletal
What are the ends of long bones called?
Epiphyses
Tendon vs. Ligament
Tendon connects muscle to bone
Ligament connects bone to bone
What is the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?
Sympathetic = fight or flight
Parasympathetic = rest and digest
What kind of receptor are taste and smell receptors?
Chemoreceptors
Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
Veins carry blood towards the heart.
There are two forms of ossification: Intramembranous and Endochondral.
Match:
A. Bone replaces cartilage
B. Bone replaces mesenchymal connective tissue
Intramembranous = Bone replaces mesenchymal connective tissue
Endochondral = Bone replaces cartilage
What are the two proteins in a myofibril (muscle cell)?
Actin and Myosin
What structure surrounds the axon and increases the speed of impulse conduction?
The myelin sheath
Give an example of sensory adaptation.
The ability of the nervous system to become less responsive to maintained stimulus.
Ex. Clothes on skin, smell of perfume, etc.
Tell a Joke :)
Ha ha
What is the band of cartilage in long bones responsible for growing length?
Epiphyseal plate
What is the name of the functional connection between a motor neuron and a muscle cell?
Neuromuscular junction
What ion is necessary in triggering synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitter?
Calcium
What are the five types of taste?
Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
What is the pulmonary circuit?
Deoxygenated blood in heart -> Lungs -> Oxygenated blood in heart
Which bone cell places calcium into bone. Which bone cell breaks down bone to release calcium?
Osteoblasts build bone.
Osteoclasts break down bone.
What neurotransmitter stimulates skeletal muscle contraction?
Acetylcholine
What are the five parts of a reflex arc?
Sensory receptor -> sensory neuron -> CNS (interneurons) -> motor neuron -> effector (muscles/glands)
Describe sensation vs perception.
Sensation- brain receives impulses from sensory receptors. Ex. I see...hear...feel something
Perception- conscious awareness of stimuli. Ex. I see...a cat. I hear...a meow.
What are the four main steps in the cardiac conduction system?
SA node -> AV node -> AV bundle -> Purkinje fibers
List three functions of bones.
Muscle attachment, protect internal organs, support soft tissues, blood cell production, storage of inorganic salts (calcium and phosphate), bear weight, and allow movement
Explain the difference between fast and slow fibers.
Fast fibers: Make up majority of muscle fibers, Rapid movements, reach maximum force quickly, fatigue quickly, Powerful contractions, but best for short-term activities
Ex. Activities such as power lifting and sprinting stimulate fast fibers
Slow fibers: Small diameter, Takes longer to reach peak tension, but resistant to fatigue, Provide prolonged contraction
Ex. Activities such as distance swimming and distance running stimulate slow fibers
What three places are cerebrospinal fluid found?
Subarachnoid space, Central canal, Ventricles
What are the three auditory ossicles in the middle ear?
Malleus, Incus, Stapes
What are the six layers of the heart from superficial to deep?
Fibrous pericardium, Parietal pericardium, Pericardial cavity, Visceral pericardium/Epicardium, Myocardium, and Endocardium