Definitions 1
Mass def.
The amount of matter in an object
Volume def.
How much space a substance takes up
Density def.
How close particles are to each other in a confined space.
Not needed: (D=M/V)
Depth def.
the distance from top to bottom of a substance
1
All matter is made up of tiny particles
Flow rate def.
The speed at which a fluid flows
Viscosity def.
A fluids resistance to flow, because of internal friction
Pressure def.
The amount a force applied on a given area
How to find density:
A.K.A. Mass divided by Volume
2
All particles of one substance are identical
Buoyancy def.
An objects ability to float in a fluid
Weight def.
How heavy a substance is
Thermal expansion def.
An increase of volume in a substance, in response to heat
How to find Mass
Mass=Density x Volume
3
In liquids, and solids, the particles are close together and have strong forces of attraction between them
Pascal's law:
When force is applied to an enclosed fluid, the increase in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid
Hydrometer def.
A tool used to measure the density of a liquid.
Force of Gravity def.
Pulling all matter down to Earth
How to find volume
Length x Width x Height
4
In a gas, there are spaces between the particles and less attraction among them
Ear’s reaction to pressure change:
Your ear pops when there is a dramatic change in altitude
Atmospheric pressure def.
force exerted on a surface by the air above it
Compression def.
A decrease in volume caused by a force.
Exploding + Imploding def.
(EX) The explosion radiates away from the source. (IM) The explosion collapses on itself
5 and 6
All particles are in constant motion
Temperature affects the speed at which particles move