Cognition
Bri generates, organizes, plans, and implements goal-directed behavior to complete her homework on time. What are these cognitive skills called?
a.Heuristics
b.Intuition
c.Executive functions
d.Stereotypes
Executive functions
Your teacher asks how many uses you can think of for a pencil?
a.Convergent thinking
b. Intrinsic motivation
c.Divergent thinking
d.prototypes
Divergent thinking
Janelle had been working on a chemistry problem for some time when all of a sudden the answer came to her in a single moment. What cognitive process did Janelle experience?
a.Insight
b.Fixation
c.Framing
d.Creativity
Insight
While trying to decide which car to buy, Emma focuses on reviews from her favorite website and ignores other sources of information that might contradict her preference. What cognitive bias is influencing her decision?
A) Confirmation Bias
B) Belief Perseverance
C) Availability Heuristic
D) Framing
Availability heuristic
Lucy is deciding which job to take. She reviews all the pros and cons, seeks advice, and carefully reflects before making a decision. What type of thinking is Lucy engaging in?
A) Convergent Thinking
B) Intuition
C) Smart Thinking
D) Overconfidence
Smart Thinking
When Thom continues to believe that his congresswoman is an honest person even after she is sent to jail, Thom is experiencing :
a.Framing
b.intuition
c.belief perseverance
d.confirmation bias.
Belief perseverance
Which of the following is an example of divergent thinking?
A) Solving a math problem with a specific formula
B) Writing multiple endings for a story
C) Memorizing a poem for a competition
D) Designing a product following strict guidelines
Writing multiple endings for a story
To find the best route to work, Vlad identified all routes and eliminated options one-by-one. Which of the following did Vlad use?
a.Incubation
b.Divergent thinking
c.Expertise
d.Convergent thinking
Convergent thinking
After flipping a fair coin ten times and landing heads each time, Maria bets that tails will appear on the next flip, believing that tails is "due." Which cognitive bias is Maria demonstrating?
A) Confirmation Bias
B) Gambler's Fallacy
C) Anchoring Bias
D) Availability Heuristic
Gambler's Fallacy
Maria is presented with conflicting studies about the effects of screen time on children's cognitive development. Rather than immediately siding with one study, she carefully evaluates the methodologies and biases in each study before forming her conclusion. Maria is demonstrating:
A) Confirmation Bias
B) Critical Thinking
C) Intuition
D) Functional Fixedness
Critical thinking
When asked to think of a ball, Carlos quickly thought of images of baseballs, basketballs, and footballs. Which psychological concept best applies to this scenario?
a.Prototypes
b.Convergent thinking
c.Creativity
d.Concepts
Which of the following is a potential barrier to creativity?
A) Open-mindedness
B) Time constraints during a creative task
C) Collaborative brainstorming
D) Seeking diverse perspectives
Time constraints during a creative task
Dylan insists on continuing with a lengthy and complex approach to a math problem, even though a simpler shortcut exists. This behavior is likely due to:
A) Overconfidence
B) Fixation
C) Availability Heuristic
D) Functional Fixedness
Fixation
Many students underestimate the time it will take to complete an assignment because they succumb to the planning fallacy. This fallacy is rooted in which cognitive bias?
a.Fixation
b.Overconfidence
c.Mental set
d.Belief perseverance
Overconfidence
A teacher encourages students to reflect on their own thinking processes and to evaluate their understanding of material before exams. This practice illustrates the concept of:
A. Problem-solving
B. Metacognition
C. Heuristic evaluation
D. Cognitive dissonance
Metacognition
Jake is learning French and notices that new vocabulary fits into categories he already understands. What cognitive process is Jake using?
A) Fixation
B) Accommodation
C) Assimilation
D) Priming
Assimilation
What is a characteristic of highly creative individuals?
A) They often prefer routine and predictability.
B) They tend to have a higher tolerance for ambiguity.
C) They avoid taking risks.
D) They rely solely on extrinsic motivation.
They tend to have a higher tolerance for ambiguity
Nate is solving a Sudoku puzzle. Initially, he struggles because he focuses only on filling each row without considering how the columns and boxes interact. Eventually, he steps back and starts to analyze the puzzle from a broader perspective, which leads to success. This change in strategy demonstrates:
A) Insight
B) Functional Fixedness
C) Overcoming a Mental Set
D) Divergent Thinking
Overcoming a mental set
Jarvis has found himself purchasing meat labeled as “80 percent lean” more often than meat labeled as “20 percent fat,” even though the meat is the same. Which psychological concept best applies to this scenario?
a.Intuition
b.Insight
c.Framing
d.Overconfidence
Framing
Leila takes time to evaluate a problem from multiple perspectives, incorporating logic, emotional intelligence, and ethical considerations. Which aspect of smart thinking does this behavior align with?
A) Convergent Thinking
B) Balancing Intuition and Critical Thinking
C) Framing
D) Belief Perseverance
Balancing intuition and critical thinking
What is the main difference between algorithm and heuristic?
A) Algorithms guarantee a solution; heuristics do not.
B) Heuristics guarantee a solution; algorithms do not.
C) Algorithms are simpler to use than heuristics.
D) Heuristics are always more accurate than algorithms.
Algorithms guarantee solution; heuristics do not
The theory that emphasizes the importance of a “creative personality” suggests that:
A) Only those with innate talent can be truly creative.
B) Social and cultural factors play a significant role in individual creativity.
C) Creativity can be cultivated through practice and feedback.
D) There is no such thing as a creative personality; creativity is entirely situational.
Social and culture factors play significant role in individual creativity.
When confronted with a challenging puzzle that requires an unusual perspective to solve, a researcher designed an experiment to observe how participants approach the challenge. Half of the participants are instructed to view the puzzle from multiple perspectives, while the other half use a fixed mindset focusing solely on traditional solutions. Which outcome is likely from this setup?
A. Fixed mindset participants will outperform others due to consistency.
B. Participants using multiple perspectives will demonstrate higher creativity and problem-solving success.
C. Both groups will show equal outcomes in solving the puzzle.
Participants using multiple perspective will demonstrate higher creativity and problem-solving success.
After seeing a news story about a kidnapping, Odessa felt more afraid that her children would be kidnapped, even though it is a very rare occurrence. Which of the following psychological concepts best applies to this scenario?
a.Intuition
b.Belief perseverance
c.Mental set
d.Availability heuristic
Availability heuristic
Jason notices a pattern of successes in his chess games when he uses a specific opening strategy, leading him to overuse this approach even when it’s not optimal. Which concept best explains Jason’s behavior?
A) Fixation
B) Mental Set
C) Heuristic Thinking
D) Belief Perseverance
Mental set