Heart Failure Basics
This lung sound is commonly heard in left-sided heart failure due to an untreated VSD
crackles
Parents should hold digoxin for this heart rate for their infant.
Heart rate of 90
This position is used during a cyanotic spell to improve oxygenation
squatting
Triggers for a crisis include stress, infection, extreme temps, physical exertion. Which one is missing?
dehydration
After cardiac catheterization, the affected extremity should be kept in this position.
Straight
This is the most accurate method to monitor fluid status in a child with heart failure.
Weight
If a child vomits after receiving digoxin, parents should take this action.
Hold it and call provider for instructions
This type of shunting results from ASDs and VSDs
Left to Right Shunting
This life-threatening complication presents with chest pain and respiratory distress
This nursing strategy helps reduce oxygen demand in infants with congenital heart defects.
clustering care
This symptom, during feeding, in infants is an early sign of worsening heart failure.
diaphoresis
This vasodilating therapy reduces cardiac workload and improves oxygenation in heart failure.
Oxygen Therapy
This congenital defect often closes on its own and usually does not require activity restriction in infancy.
ASDs
This lab value is elevated in sickle cell anemia due to bone marrow compensation
Reticulocytes
This assessment is priority after cardiac catheterization to detect impaired circulation.
Distal pulses
This electrolyte imbalance caused by diuretics like furosemide can lead to dangerous arrhythmias
hypokalemia
This dietary modification is recommended for children with heart failure.
low sodium diet and/or fluid restriction
This complication can develop in children with long-standing uncorrected VSD due to pulmonary hypertension.
Eisenmenger syndrome
Avoiding dehydration and infection helps prevent this type of event in sickle cell disease.
crisis (vaso-occlusive crisis)
Top priorities in care of sickle cell crisis patients include oxygenation, hydration, treating infections. Which priority is missing?
pain management
These two key symptoms often lead to failure to thrive in infants with heart failure
poor feeding and fatigue
A parent should notify their child's provider if the child exhibits these symptoms- lethargy, bradycardia, dysrhythmia. These could indicate this complication.
digoxin toxicity
ASDs and VSDs cause an increase in this type of pressure system.
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR)
This type of medication is often required for severe pain during a sickle cell crisis.
opioids (ie. Morphine)
Educating parents of sickle cell patients is a high priority. They should give this medicine prophylactically as early as 2 months of age to prevent pneumococcal infections.
penicillin (erythromycin if allergy)