EBP in Communication Disorders
Put these in order for the "conduct of scientific research"
Methods, conclusions, statement of problem, results
Statement of problem, method, results, conclusions
Identify and label the P, I, C and O components in the following PICO question:
In elderly stroke survivors in acute care hospitals, is videofluoroscopic swallowing evaluation better than bedside swallowing evaluation in preventing aspiration pneumonia?
I= videofluroscopic eval
C=bedside swallow eval
O=aspriation pneumonia
different groups of subjects are exposed to different treatments or levels of the independent variable
between subjects experiments
Any variable that can be manipulated
active
the results expected of a clinical procedure when routinely applied in practice (clinically significant change).
a: efficiency b: efficacy c: effectiveness
C
what type of research: examines causation through observation of the consequent effects of manipulating certain events or characteristics under controlled conditions.
experimental research
(1 point) A clinical researcher is studying the accuracy of performance in a phoneme awareness task in three age groups of children. This is an example of:
a. a bivalent experiment
b. a multivalent experiment
c. a parametric experiment
multivalent
different groups of subjects are compared with regard to their performance on some dependent variable (i.e., criterion variable)
between subjects descriptive
Traits or characteristics of the research-subjects (cannot be manipulated)
attribute
tied to many factors and assessed via a cost-benefit analysis
a: efficiency b: efficacy c: effectiveness
A
Which type of information source is the most helpful?Primary, secondary, tertiary.
primary
A clinical researcher is studying the accuracy of oral naming in adults with aphasia. Specifically, the researcher is interested in knowing how word type (i.e., nouns vs. verbs) and type of stimulus input (i.e., spoken definitions vs. pictures) might affect accuracy of oral naming. name the independent and dependent variable
dependent= accuracy of oral naming
independent= word type and stimulus input
The performance of the same subjects is compared in different conditions
Could be experimental or descriptive study
The basic concern is that all conditions should be equivalent except for the application of the various levels of the independent variable.
within subjects design
one that may be measured along some continuum or dimension that reflects at the least the rank ordering of value of the variable
continuous
More carefully controlled than effectiveness studies, these seek to “prove treatment benefits”:
a: effectiveness b: efficacy c: efficiency
B
what kind of information source: collated from various sources to present a broad & rudimentary overview
tertiary
studying the effects of two values of one independent variable on the dependent variable
The order of treatments is randomly determined by the researcher. All participants receive all the treatments.
sequence randomization
cannot be measured along a continuum. Different values of the variable can only be categorized or named
categorical
what are the strongest tx efficacy studies?
systematic reviews
A philosophy that assumes knowledge must be gained through rational thought.
rationalism
Combines qualitative and quantitative research techniques
E.g., Using follow-up unstructured interviews with parents to assess outcomes for their preschool children who completed an early stuttering intervention program
mixed methods research
process of naturalistic inquiry that seeks an in-depth understanding of social phenomena within their natural setting.
qualitative
The textbook uses the convention of presenting data for a continuous independent variable with a ____graph, and data for a categorical independent variable with a ____ graph.
line, bar