The Basics of Morality
Name the three components of morality according to Catholicism.
What are the Objective Act, the Subjective Goal (Intentions), and the Context or Circumstances?
This secular ethical framework assesses actions by calculating the aggregate effects on overall welfare or happiness.
What is Utilitarianism?
Proportionalism, though rooted in Catholic ethics, departs from deontological ethics by considering this element as the most important.
what is the Intention or circumstances of the act?
John Paul II’s ethical framework is associated with this broader category of ethics, which assesses actions by adherence to objective moral duties.
What is deontological or duty-based ethics?
The term in virtue ethics describes the human purpose or end goall
What is Telos?
This part of Catholic morality evaluates the purpose behind the action.
What is the Subjective Goal or Intentions?
This founder of Utilitarianism denied intrinsic human worth, calling human rights “nonsense on stilts” in favor of measurable outcomes.
Who is Jeremy Bentham?
What is consequentialism?
True or False: JPII believed that some acts are intrinsically disordered and cannot be justified by intentions or outcomes.
What is true?
True or False: Virtue Ethics emphasizes that actions shape the character of the person performing them.
What is True?
This component considers the situation in which an action takes place and any influencing factors.
What are the Context or Circumstances?
These are two consequences of Utilitarianism
What is there are no moral absolutes and that Humans do not have intrinsic dignity and worth.
According to Proportionalism, an action may be justified if it produces a greater proportion of these relative to disvalues.
What are positive values or goods?
According to JPII, the moral permissibility of an action is grounded in this aspect, which he considered immutable.
What is the objective act or intrinsic moral status?
This is what shapes the moral character of the agent and cultivates virtue or vice in the agent.
What are the actions of the individual?
In Catholic ethics, this component is prioritized in JPII’s Action-Based Ethics.
What is the Objective Act?
In Utilitarianism, moral judgments are rooted in this concept, measuring an action’s ethical worth by its collective benefit or harm.
What is net utility?
Proportionalism holds that most actions are not intrinsically moral or immoral but fall into this preliminary category, subject to further ethical evaluation.
What is pre-moral or morally neutral?
This principle, central to JPII’s ethics, insists on the inherent worth and sanctity of each individual, rejecting any utilitarian valuation of persons.
What is the intrinsic dignity of the person or the inalienable sanctity of life?
Virtue Ethics is complementary to JPII’s ethics and stresses the development of these patterns of behavior.
What are virtuous habits?
True or False: All ethical frameworks consider circumstances as important in determining morality.
What is False?
Utilitarian analysis often employs this approach, systematically weighing potential benefits against costs to reach the most ethical conclusion.
What is a cost-benefit analysis or consequentialist calculus?
Proportionalism posits that ethical actions are often chosen based on this principle, the mitigation of the greater harm or promotion of the lesser evil.
What is the lesser of two evils?
According to Pope John Paul II, what forms the ‘universal norm of morality’?
What is The Holy Trinity and Natural Law
This is the best state in the union.
What is NEW JERSEY?