Population Parameters
This process are the changes in behaviors or traits that favor survival and/or reproduction
What is adaptation?
Traits across different species that don't share an ancestor, but instead are adaptations to similar circumstances
What are analogous traits?
This diagram is useful in showing the possible ways alleles could be expressed after fertilization
What is a Punnett square?
The process of programmed cell death using internal or external signals to activate certain genes that produce the enzyme required
What is apoptosis?
This domain includes prokaryotes that cause disease and harmless inhabitants of the environment
What is bacteria?
An individual organism's state of survival and their rate of success with reproduction
What is biological fitness?
The similar features that are present across several species due to a common ancestor
What are homologous traits?
The physical, chemical, or behavioral expression of a trait
What is a phenotype?
This nucleic acid has bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine
What is DNA?
This process is between bacteria that exchange chromosomes through their pili
What is conjugation?
These features are inherited from an ancestor, but are no longer used and are reduced or degenerated in the descendent
What are vestigial traits?
When branches of an evolutionary tree evolve traits to better suit their new niches, which form new species
What is adaptive radiation?
This controlled experiment involves the mating between heterozygous organisms for two traits
What is a dihybrid cross?
The entire process of transcribing and translating RNA
What is gene expression?
The system of communication between bacteria that uses their population density to sense and respond to bacteria and their environment
What is quorum sensing?
This process of genetic drift is where a small population has an ancestor with a specific trait that continues to show in later members of the population
What is founder's effect?
This species includes the ancestors and all modern day dogs
What is Canis Lupus Familiaris?
The first law that Mendel discovered, which states that two alleles of a gene are separated during meiosis and end up in two different gametes
What is the law of segregation?
This iteration of a complex trait is a process that influences many traits, despite only being a single gene
What is pleiotropy?
What are obligate anaerobes?
The time it takes for a species to produce a new generation
What is the generation time of a species?
Evolved characteristics that both benefit and cause harm to the organism
What is an evolutionary trade-off?
This law states that when the gametes form during meiosis, the two alleles segregate independently from one another
What is the law of independent assortment?
This is the first codon in mRNA that starts the process of translation
What is AUG?
This heterotroph absorbs the energy from sunlight, but they need their carbon from organic sources
What are photoheterotrophs?