Geology on Mars
Investigating Models
Landforms
Venus vs Earth
Scientific Investigations
100

What model did scientists use to investigate the channels on Mars?

Flowing water model

100

What do models help scientists do?

They help scientists test ideas and gather evidence about natural processes

100

What are novae?

Dome-shaped landforms with cracks radiating from their center found on Venus

100

Why is Venus hotter than Earth?

Venus has a much thicker atmosphere that traps heat

100

What evidence did Gerya’s model of Venus provide?

It supported the idea that high surface temperatures and a thin crust on Venus allow novae to form

200

Why are scientists studying channels on Mars?

To determine if they were formed by flowing water or lava

200

What did Gerya's model of Venus focus on?

How novae were formed on Venus

200

What geological feature did the Flowing Water Model create in the Mars investigation?

Channels similar to those on Mars

200

What is the average surface temperature on Venus?

462°C (864°F)

200

What are the main components of the Flowing Water Model used for Mars?

Water and sand

300

What is the significance of landforms remaining after water flows on Mars?

It suggests water once flowed on Mars, even though there is no water now

300

How did Gerya test his model?

He used a computer model to simulate Venus’s conditions with high temperature and a thin crust

300

What is a key difference between the landforms on Venus and Earth?

Venus has novae due to its thin crust and high temperature, unlike Earth

300

What do scientists think about Venus’s crust compared to Earth’s?

Venus’s crust may be thinner, allowing magma to form novae more easily

300

Why do scientists rely on models to study distant planets?

Because direct observation is difficult or impossible for planets far away or in the past

400

What was used to represent land in the Mars model?

Sand

400

What is one way models are different from the natural processes they represent?

They simplify or represent key aspects but are not exactly the same

400

What do landforms on planets like Mars and Venus tell scientists?

They provide evidence about the planet's geological history and past processes

400

How do the novae on Venus provide clues about Venus’s geologic activity?

They suggest that high temperatures and a thin crust allow magma to push up and form unique landforms

400

What is one limitation of using models in scientific investigations?

Models can simplify processes and may not capture every detail of the natural world