States of Matter/Phases
Which state of matter has the most kinetic energy?
Gas
What is distillation used for?
To separate miscible fluids using their different boiling points.
What is the boiling point of water? (Bonus points if you know the temperature in Kelvin!)
100 °C (373.15K)
What is a mixture?
Two or more substances combined, not chemically
What is the process where a solid changes directly into a gas?
Sublimation
Two liquids don’t mix and form layers. Which one is on top and why?
The one with lower density is on top
What are the differences between boiling and evaporation?
Boiling = liquid to gas; Melting = solid to liquid
Is salt water a pure substance or mixture?
Mixture
What is the process where a solid changes directly into a liquid?
Melting (Fusion)
Which of these is a homogeneous mixture: salad, chocolate milk, or sand and water?
Chocolate Milk
If a substance melts at 80°C and boils at 150°C, what state is it at 100°C?
Liquid
True or False: Tap water is not considered pure water.
True
A scientist cools a gas until it becomes a solid. What two phase changes occurred?
Condensation followed by freezing.
This process separates mixtures based on particle size without any liquids involved.
Sieving
During distillation, what happens to the liquid when it boils?
It changes into a gas or vapor
Name four separation techniques besides distillation
Filtration, decantation, magnetism, chromatography, solubility
Name a real-life example of deposition.
Frost on surfaces like windows or grass.
A 50g object occupies 25cm³. Will it sink or float in water?
Sink, density is 2g/cm³
You heat a mixture starting at 40°C. If the boiling point is 100°C and your heater increases 20°C per minute, how long will it take to start boiling?
3 minutes
Explain why filtering cannot separate a sugar solution and propose how you would do it
Sugar is dissolved in water, not suspended; distillation separates by boiling point.