Equilibrium
What is the equation for equilibrium?
K=Products/Reactants
what is the pH range of an acid?
Acids have pH lower than 7.
What are the three types of energy?
Potential energy, kinetic energy, and energy of motion
What are two types of solutions?
Homogenous and heterogeneous
whats a reaction rate?
Change in concentration of a reaction or product over a period of time.
What does K<1 mean?
Reactants are favored at equilibrium.
What color does blue litmus paper turn into an acid?
Red.
Define Calorie(Cal).
Amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by 1 Celsius.
Whats the rate of solutions and what factors affect it?
Rate is how quickly solutions dissolve into solvents. Temperatures stirring and the amount of solute affect the rate of the solution.
Whats a catalyst? Whats an inhibitor?
catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of chemical reaction without being consumed. Inhibitor slow down the reaction.
What is omitted from an equilibrium expression?
Pure liquids and solids.
What is the difference between an acid and base?
Acids have pH lower than 7. Bases have pH higher than 7.
Exothermic: Energy is released (explosion, exhale). Endothermic: energy is absorbed (inhale, eating).
whats the relationships between molarity and concentration? What is concentration?
The higher the molarity the higher the concentration. Concentration is the measure of how much solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent of solution.
what do the chemical reactions consist of? What happens when they are added together?
Chemical reactions consist of 3 steps called elementary steps. When they are added together we get the net equation.
What does Le Chatelier's Principle state?
Disturbing a system at dynamic equilibrium shifts the equilibrium I the direction that reduces stress.
Are acids slippery or sour?
Acids are sour
What is the relationship between specific heat and energy?
The larger the specific heat of a substance, the more energy is required to heat it up. The smaller the specific heat the less energy required to heat it up.
Solute: the part that gets dissolved
Solvent: the part that does the dissolving
Which is the rate determining step in reaction? Is the step with the highest activation energy the slowest or fastest?
The rate determining step is the slowest step in the reaction. The step with the higher activation energy is the slowest step.
What happens when a catalyst is added to equilibrium?
A catalyst speeds up both forward and reverse reactions equally allowing the system to reach equilibrium faster.
Explain how acids and bases can neutralize each other and give an example
They neutrlaze each other by cancelling each other out, vinegar and baking soda
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed only changed or transferred.
Whats a dilute solution? Example?
A solution that contains a small amount of solute is called a dilute solution. If you add a small amount of powder to a lot of water it would be a diluted solution.
Does increasing the temperature of a reaction increase or decrease the rate of a reaction? What about smaller particles?
Increasing the temperature of a reaction increases the rate of a reaction. Smaller particles increases the rate of a reaction too because they create more surface area and more collisions.