CAUSES
tissue death from lack of circulation
What is ischemia?
It increases firing of the SA Node by blocking the action of the vagus nerve on the heart resulting in an increased heart rate.
How does Atropine work?
light headed and dizziness
What are symptoms of 2nd degree HB type 2?
The SA Node in the right atrium.
Where do electrical impulses generate from in a normal conduction system?
Mobitz II
What is the other name for this block?
Increased levels of this drug cause toxicity and may lead to 2nd degree HB type 2
What is Digoxin?
The ventricles are not responding to anything the atria (SA node) puts out. Thus, the heart rates will not increase.
What is Atropine's effects on ventricles in 2nd degree HB type II?
Moist , pale clammy skin
what are signs of poor perfusion or decreased cardiac output?
A cluster of cells in the middle of the heart (between the atria and ventricles) that slows down impulses before they reach the ventricles.
What is the AV Node?
Third degree Heart Block
What deadly rhythm can this easily progress to?
Low hormone levels associated with this disease may lead to 2nd degree HB type 2
What is hypothyroidism?
If it increases the heart rate there is a high potential for worsening of the myocardial ischemia due to the increased oxygen consumption.
What is Atropine's effects on MI and 2nd degree HB type II?
p waves are present, some with no QRS association, p waves will cont. to march out
What are common characteristics of 2nd degree HB type 2?
This is represented by a slight delay at AV node that allows the atria to contract before the ventricles and partial atrial repolarization.
What is the PR interval?
it would be ideal to keep the HR slow (50-60) to increase diastolic filling time.
What is the ideal pace rate for TCP?
Usually related to structural damage of the heart and indicates significant conduction disease in this His-Purkinje system and is irreversible (not subject to autonomic tone or AV blocking medications)
What are common causes of 2nd degree HB type II related to?
This is the preferred treatment for a symptomatic person with 2nd degree HB type II
What is TCP or permanent pacemaker?
This interval remains constant, but not on all P waves conducted.
What is the PR interval?
Electrical Impulses that stem from this junction will have a rate between 40-60 bpm.
What is the AV junction?
Epinephrine or dopamine
What is the second drug of choice to treat bradycardia according to ACLS guidelines if Atropine is ineffective?
This causes sudden collapse (Syncope) due to slow or absent pulse
What is Stokes Adams syndrome?
This should be considered before TCP is administered.
What is sedation?
The most definitive test to diagnose HB.
What is an EKG/ECG?
Controls firing of SA node to trigger the start of the cardiac cycle
What is the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
This nerve relays signals between the brain and various body systems to regulate heart rate, speech, sweating, blood pressure, digestion, glucose production, and certain aspects of breathing.
What is the Vagus nerve?