Government & Citizen Participation
What is a government where citizens vote for leaders and representatives?
Democratic government
What does government instability mean?
Frequent leadership changes, conflicts, or corruption
What is an economy where the government makes all economic decisions?
Command economy
What was the Berlin Conference?
A meeting where European nations divided Africa without asking Africans
Who was Nelson Mandela?
Leader who fought against Apartheid and became South Africa’s first Black president
In which type of democracy do people vote for the legislature, and the legislature chooses the leader?
Parliamentary democracy
How does government instability impact Nigeria’s economy?
Makes it harder to attract businesses, increases prices, and limits jobs
What type of economy combines private businesses and government control?
Mixed economy
What is imperialism?
Answer: When a country takes control over another by force
What system of racial segregation existed in South Africa until 1994?
Apartheid
What is one way citizens in Nigeria participate in government?
Voting in elections, joining political parties, or attending town hall meetings
What is one major effect of government instability on daily life in South Africa?
High unemployment and income inequality
What is a trade barrier that completely stops trade with another country?
Embargo
How did colonization affect African ethnic groups?
Forced different ethnic groups together and split others apart, causing conflicts
Who was F.W. de Klerk, and what was his role in ending Apartheid?
F.W. de Klerk was the last president of South Africa under Apartheid. He worked with Nelson Mandela to end racial segregation and helped transition the country to democracy.
How is citizen participation in South Africa different from Nigeria?
South Africans can take part in public hearings in Parliament and have stronger labor union participation
What is one ways people are trying to improve stability in African nations?
education programs and anti-corruption efforts
Why is specialization important in trade?
It allows a country to focus on producing what it does best and trade for other needs
Name two effects of the Scramble for Africa that still impact African nations today.
Border disputes and economic inequality
What was one key goal of Pan-Africanism?
To unite Africans and fight for self-rule
Name two countries in Africa with a presidential democracy
Nigeria and Kenya
Why is international cooperation important for African nations?
Helps with economic development, resources, and improving governance
What is the standard of living, and how is it affected by literacy rates?
It measures quality of life, and a higher literacy rate usually leads to a better standard of living
What is Pan-Africanism, and why was it important?
A movement to unite Africans and fight for independence from European rule
How did colonization impact African economies after independence?
Many African nations remained economically dependent on former colonial powers