The Big Bang
What theory explains the origin and early development of the universe?
The Big Bang Theory
What is the name given to the tiny particles that make up all ordinary matter?
Atoms
What is an element?
A substance Made up of only type of atom
What should you wear to protect your eyes during experiments involving chemicals or other hazards?
Safety goggles
What is a hypothesis?
A testable prediction or proposed explanation that can be investigated scientifically.
According to the Big Bang Theory, was the universe initially much hotter and denser or much colder and less dense than it is today?
Much hotter and denser
Name the three main subatomic particles found in an atom.
Protons, Electrons and Neutrons
What information does the atomic number of an element tell us?
The number of protons in the atom
What should you do if you accidentally spill a chemical in the laboratory?
Tell your teacher
In an experiment investigating how the amount of fertiliser affects plant growth, what is the independent variable?
The amount of fertiliser.
What does the observation that distant galaxies are generally moving away from us provide evidence for?
The Universe is expanding
Which two particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
What is the chemical symbol for Sodium?
Na
Why should you never taste a chemical in the laboratory, even if you think you know what it is?
It could be poisonous or hazardous and make you ill.
In the same experiment, what is the dependent variable?
The plant's growth
Give two pieces of evidence that support the Big Bang model of the universe.
Red shift, microwave background radiation, the expanding universe
What charge does a proton have, what charge does an electron have, and what charge does a neutron have?
Protons are positive (+), Electrons are negative (-) and Neutrons are neutral (0)
An element has an atomic number of 17. How many protons does each atom have?
17
A student needs to smell a substance during an experiment. Should they put their nose directly over the container? Explain what they should do instead.
They should use the wafting technique if instructed by the teacher, gently directing vapour towards their nose.
In an investigation, the temperature, amount of water and type of plant are kept the same while the amount of fertiliser is changed. What are these unchanged factors called?
Controlled variables (or control variables).
List the planets in order from closest to farthest from the sun?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
An atom has 11 protons, 12 neutrons and 11 electrons. What is its atomic number and why is the atom electrically neutral?
11. The number of protons match the number of electrons.
An atom an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23. How many neutrons are in the atom?
12 (23-11).
What does the safety symbol called Corrosive mean?
Can burn through a substance
A student investigates whether the temperature of water affects how quickly sugar dissolves. They use 100 mL of water each time, the same type and amount of sugar, but change the temperature of the water. Identify the independent variable, dependent variable and two controlled variables.