Modelos atómicos
Who included negative charges in a model for the 1st time?
Thomson
How many subatomical particles are there?
3
(Protons, electrons, and neutros)
Say the electronic configuration for a neutral Be (Z=4) atom
1s2 2s2
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons
How does the mass of a neutron compare to that of a proton and an electron?
The mass of a neutron is the same as the mass of a proton
The mass of a neutron is much larger than the mass of an e-
Who performed experiments with gold films and alpha particles to find out that the atom was empty?
Which subatomical particle is charged and heavy (has mass)?
Proton
What is the electronic configuration for an F- ion?
1s2 2s2 2p5
How many groups are there in the periodic table?
18
Given the following species , identify which pair are isotopes:
Species A: 12 protons, 12 electrons, 13 neutrons
Species B: 14 protons, 14 electrons, 14 neutrons
Species C: 12 protons, 12 electrons, 14 neutrons
Species D: 16 protons, 16 electrons, 16 neutrons
A and C
Who included the quantisation of Energy in his model¿?
Bohr
When you look at two isotopes, they have the same or different amount of protons, neutrons and electrons?
Same no. of protons (same element)
Same no. of electrons (unless charge changes)
Different number of neutrons
What is the electronic configuration of sulphur (S) according to its position in the periodic table
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴
Period 3 (n=3)
Group 16 (p4)
Which atom is larger, Potassium (K) or Rubidium (Rb)
Rb, because it has one extra shell of electrons
Given the following species with their number of protons, electrons, and neutrons, identify which ones are ions:
Species A: 11 protons, 10 electrons, 12 neutrons
Species B: 17 protons, 18 electrons, 18 neutrons
Species C: 8 protons, 8 electrons, 8 neutrons
Species D: 7 protons, 10 electrons, 7 neutrons
A, B and D
Why was Rutherford's atomic model wrong from the beginning?
The electrons would fall onto the nucleus
If a neutral atom has 15 protons and a mass of 31 units, how many electrons and neutrons does it have?
15 e-
16 n
What is the electronic configuration of noble gases and why don't they react?
s2p6
they donot react because their outer layer is full and therefore do not have space available to get new electrons to form a bond
What do elements from the same group have in common?
-Same electronic configuration (no. of outer electrons, no. of valence electrons)
-Similar Chemical Properties
What happens if, in an atom, you change the number of...?
electrons
neutrons
protons
electrons-- You form an ion
neutrons-- You get an isotope
protons-- The element changes
What statements of Dalton's atomic model were right?
Atoms rearrange themselves in
If an Fe atom has 26 e-, how many electrons do you have in an Fe +2 ion?
24
Write the electronic configuration of gold (Z=79)
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s²
How many electrons can you keep in the different sublayers (s, p, d, and f) within a level?
s: 2 electrons
p: 6 electrons
d: 10 electrons
f: 14 electrons
Why are the electronic configurations so important in chemistry?
They determine the chemical behaviour:
They help to predict bonding and molecule formation