Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
100
The acquisition, maintenance, and change of an organism's behavior due to lifetime events.
What is learning?
100
An innate response elicited by a "US".
What is an unconditioned response?
100
Where behavior is followed by the removal of a stimulus event and the probability of that behavior reoccurring increases.
What is negative reinforcement?
100
A common negative punishment procedure where access to positive reinforcers is removed contingent on problem behavior.
What is time out?
100
Different responding in the presence of different stimuli.
What is discrimination?
200
Behavior that is strengthened or weakened by the consequences that follow it.
What is operant behavior?
200
The reduction of respondent behavior over repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus.
What is habituation?
Smoke detector -> startle
(but over time)
Smoke detector -> no startle
200
A simple schedule of reinforcement that results in a high, steady rate of responding with little to no PRPs.
What is a variable ratio schedule?
200
In this type of contingency, a response terminates an aversive stimulus. E.g., you find your TA incredibly annoying so when they start talking to you, you run away.
What is escape?
200
SΔ : R → SR-
In the presence of the above stimulus, this consequence will follow.
What is extinction?
300
While considered to be a kind of behavior, these "events" are not considered causes of behavior.
What are private / covert behaviors?
300
The reduction and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response (CR) after repeated presentations of a conditioned stimulus (CS) without the unconditioned stimulus (US).
What is (respondent) extinction?
300
On a cumulative record, ____ is shown on the X axis and _____ is shown on the Y.
Time, total responses
300
Positive punishment, negative reinforcement, and negative punishment are all considered forms of _____ control.
What is aversive control?
300
This type of reinforcement schedule is best used to study determinants of choice.
What is a concurrent schedule?
400
Behavior that increases or decreases based on the presentation of an antecedent.
What is respondent behavior?
400
An increase in responding at the beginning of an extinction session relative to previous sessions (usually after some time has passed).
What is spontaneous recovery?
400
This includes all operant responses that share a similar function.
What is an operant class?
400
For this example, assume that Lab Checks are an aversive stimulus. A student forgot there was a Lab Check today until someone reminded them 10 min before class. The student skips class. This is an example of ___________ avoidance.
What is discriminated avoidance?
400
This procedure involves decisions between smaller-sooner and larger-later rewards.
BONUS: Name one real-world correlate for the procedure.
What is delay discounting?
BONUS: problem gambling, risky sexual bx, ADHD diagnosis
500
An experimental result has generality when it can be observed in different contexts, organisms, and times. Generality is established by this.
What is replication?
500
Kento is being attacked by a goose. The goose honks at Kento for 2 s, pauses, and then attacks him, causing fear. After repeated honks + attacks, the honk alone begins to elicit fear. In this example, the honk is functioning as this.
BONUS: What kind of respondent conditioning procedure is this?
What is a CS?
BONUS: Trace conditioning
500
Ka'ala checks her phone once every 5 minutes (yikes). On average, every 20 minutes an email notification will be there when she checks it. Ka'ala's email checking behavior is being reinforced on this kind of schedule.
What is a VI 20 min schedule?
500
In this procedure, a learner is required to restore and improve the condition of the environment. E.g., A teenager breaks dishes intentionally so their mother has the kid sweep up all the broken dishes, mop the area, and replace the dishes.
What is overcorrection?
500
Erin is responding on a concurrent VI schedule on her laptop by left- and right-clicking. 10 reinforcers are available for left-clicking and 40 reinforcers are available for right-clicking. Erin would be expected to allocate this percentage of responding to right-clicking.
What is 80%?