Routes and Administrations
Which route of administration has the fastest absorption rate?
What is intravenous (IV)
Why are Tall Man Letters used in medication names?
What is to reduce medication errors by distinguishing look-alike, sound-alike drugs
Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?
What is the liver
Which beverage should be avoided with CYP450-metabolized drugs?
What is grapefruit juice
What does the FDA Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling Rule (PLLR) replace?
What is the old A, B, C, D, X pregnancy risk categories
Why should enteric-coated aspirin not be crushed?
What is to prevent stomach irritation
A nurse prepares an IV penicillin infusion. The patient reports itching, dizziness, and shortness of breath. What should the nurse do first?
What is stop the infusion immediately and assess for anaphylaxis
What is the primary organ responsible for drug excretion?
What is the kidney
Why are warfarin and heparin given together for a short time in anticoagulation therapy?
What is because warfarin takes several days to reach therapeutic levels
What classification of drugs have the highest potential for abuse?
What is Schedule I
What is the primary reason why alendronate (Fosamax) must be taken before breakfast?
What is to maximize absorption
Which sources are considered reliable for medication safety? (Select all that apply)
What are B, C, and D
What is the term for the lowest concentration of a drug in the bloodstream before the next dose?
What is the trough level
What is an adverse drug reaction, and how is it different from a side effect?
What is an unintended harmful reaction, while a side effect is expected but manageable?
What does the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) recommend to prevent medication errors?
What is the use of Tall Man Letters
A patient is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for chest pain. How should it be taken?
What is placing it under the tongue to dissolve and absorb into the bloodstream quickly
A patient refuses to take their prescribed medication. What is the correct nursing action?
What is document the refusal and notify the provider
What is the difference between an agonist and an antagonist
What is an agonist activates a receptor, while an antagonist blocks it
A patient taking opioids long-term develops feels anxious and irritable after suddenly stopping. What is this called?
psychological dependence
What is a black box warning, and why is it important?
What is an FDA-mandated warning for serious or life-threatening drug risks?
What is the first-pass effect, and which route bypasses it
What is liver metabolism before systemic circulation, and the IV route bypasses it
A patient develops severe pain when drug is withheld
What is physiological dependence
Why should patients on warfarin avoid eating excessive amounts of leafy greens
What is because vitamin K can interfere with warfarin’s anticoagulant effects
What is the difference between therapeutic classification and pharmacologic classification?
What is therapeutic classification groups drugs by treatment use, while pharmacologic classification is based on mechanism of actio
A pharmaceutical company claims their new drug does not need FDA approval. What is the correct response?
What is all drugs in the U.S. must be FDA-approved before being marketed