Software Engineering
What is software engineering?
A systematic approach to developing, operating, and maintaining software.
What are the four pillars of OOP?
Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, Polymorphism.
What are the four core values of the Agile Manifesto?
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools, working software over documentation, customer collaboration over contract negotiation, responding to change over following a plan.
What does DBMS stand for?
Database Management System.
What is the difference between Git and GitHub?
Git is a version control system; GitHub is a cloud-based hosting platform for Git repositories.
What is the primary role of a software engineer?
To develop, test, deploy, and maintain software systems using engineering principles.
What is encapsulation?
The practice of restricting direct access to object data using private variables and public methods.
What is a Scrum Master responsible for?
Ensuring the Scrum process is followed and facilitating communication.
What is a primary key?
A unique identifier for a record in a table.
What does 'git commit' do?
Saves changes to the local repository.
Name one thing software engineering is NOT.
It is not just coding; it includes planning, design, testing, and maintenance.
What is polymorphism?
The ability of different classes to be treated as instances of the same class through a common interface.
What is a sprint in Scrum?
A time-boxed iteration (typically 2-4 weeks) where work is completed.
What is a foreign key?
A field in one table that references a primary key in another table.
What is the purpose of 'git merge'?
Combines changes from different branches.
What is the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
It is a structured process that includes planning, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.
What is the difference between inheritance and composition?
Inheritance is when a class derives properties from another class, while composition is when a class contains instances of other classes.
What does the Product Owner do?
Defines product goals, manages backlog, and prioritizes features.
What does the SQL JOIN command do?
It combines records from multiple tables based on related columns.
What is a remote repository?
A version-controlled project stored on a cloud-based platform like GitHub.
Name two SDLC phases.
Examples: Planning, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, Maintenance.
Why is composition often preferred over inheritance?
It promotes better modularity, reduces dependency, and avoids deep inheritance hierarchies.
Name three Agile principles.
Deliver working software frequently, welcome changing requirements, maintain a sustainable pace of development.
What does this SQL query do?
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 30;
It retrieves all users from the database where the age is greater than 30.
What does 'git pull' do?
Fetches updates from a remote repository and merges them into the local branch.