SCOTUS Cases
Ruled that the Amish do not have to send children to school past 8th grade (Free Exercise).
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
Hamilton argues that a single, energetic executive is better than a plural one.
What is Federalist no. 70?
A system where power is divided between national and state governments.
What is federalism?
The power of the court to rule a law or executive action unconstitutional.
What is judicial review?
This specific economic theory, often favored by conservatives, argues that cutting taxes and decreasing regulation will stimulate economic growth by giving businesses more money to invest.
What is supply-side economics?
Established "one person, one vote" and allowed the Court to rule on legislative apportionment.
What is Baker v. Carr?
This document warns against "factions" and suggests a large republic controls them.
What is Federalist no. 10?
An enumerated power of Congress listed in Article I, Section 8 that allows them to regulate trade that crosses state lines.
What is the commerce clause?
The process by which the Bill of Rights is applied to the states via the 14th Amendment's due process clause.
What is selective incorporation?
This is the most significant predictor of whether an individual will vote in an election, even more so than age or race.
What is education level?
This 1995 case limited Congress’s power to legislate the presence of guns in schools under the Commerce Clause.
What is U.S. v. Lopez?
This document explains why "Ambition must be made to counteract ambition" through checks and balances.
What is Federalist no. 51?
Via the 10th Amendment, these are abilities not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution, and therefore held by states.
What are reserved powers?
When a President takes no action on a bill for 10 days while Congress is adjourned.
What is a pocket veto?
This voting model describes a citizen who ignores a candidate's past record and instead evaluates whether the candidate’s future platform will specifically benefit the voter’s personal interests.
What is rational choice voting?
This case ruled that corporate funding of independent political broadcasts cannot be limited, because corporations and interest groups have the same free speech rights as individuals, and money is speech.
What is Citizens United v. FEC?
This document formed our first "League of Friendship" that lacked the power to tax or raise a national army.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
A grant given to states for a broad purpose with fewer "strings attached" than categorical grants.
What is a block grant?
An informal rule in the Senate that allows a Senator to block a nomination or bill indefinitely.
What is a hold?
While "Hard Money" is regulated, these specific organizations can raise unlimited sums from corporations and unions to spend on "independent expenditures," provided they do not coordinate with a candidate.
What is a Super PAC?
This 1819 case used the necessary and proper clause to say states can't tax the federal government.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
In this document, Hamilton argues for a life-term judiciary to ensure independence from the other branches.
What is Federalist no. 78?
The type of democracy where groups/factions compete to influence policy (e.g., interest groups).
What is pluralist democracy?
These are three examples of agencies that make up the "fourth branch" of government, or the bureaucracy.
Answers may vary; however, "Department of __" does not count (question specifically asked about agencies).
This specific statistical process is used by pollsters to adjust their raw data so that the demographic profile of the sample (e.g., race, age, gender) matches the known demographics of the actual population.
What is weighting?