Roosevelt & the Square Deal
Which factor most contributed to Roosevelt’s unexpected rise to the presidency?
The assassination of President McKinley
What resulted from Roosevelt and Taft splitting the Republican vote in 1912?
Woodrow Wilson won the presidency
“New Immigrants” arriving from 1880–1924 were primarily from where?
Southern and Eastern Europe
What was one major cause of rapid urbanization in the late 19th century?
Increased factory jobs in urban centers
Why did agricultural overproduction hurt farmers?
It lowered crop prices dramatically
Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle directly led to passage of what law?
The Meat Inspection Act
Which background detail helped shape Woodrow Wilson’s progressive ideology?
His presidency of Princeton University
What was a major challenge faced by new immigrants arriving at Ellis Island?
Language barriers and cultural unfamiliarity
Tenement housing was characterized by what?
Overcrowding and poor conditions
Why were high railroad shipping rates especially damaging?
Farmers relied on railroads to get goods to market
Roosevelt’s “trust-busting” mainly targeted trusts that did what?
Hurt public interest and abused power
Why did many reformers support the Progressive Presidents?
They sought to regulate corruption, protect consumers, and manage natural resources
Why did immigrant enclaves like Little Italy and Chinatown develop largely?
Immigrants sought familiar communities and support networks
Diseases like cholera and typhoid spread in cities primarily because of what?
Contaminated water and sewage problems
Why was the Interstate Commerce Act important?
It regulated unfair railroad practices
During the 1902 Coal Strike, what did Roosevelt do that set a precedent?
Intervened as a neutral arbitrator
Why did the Payne–Aldrich Tariff anger progressives?
It raised many tariffs despite promising lower rates
Why was the Treaty of Burlingame (1868) significant?
It allowed free immigration of Chinese workers
Political machines maintained power largely by doing what?
Providing jobs and aid in exchange for votes
What was a major goal of the Populist Party?
Free and unlimited coinage of silver
Why were Roosevelt’s conservation policies significant, according to the test?
America had previously ignored natural resource protection
What event caused progressives to lose faith in President Taft?
The Ballinger–Pinchot controversy
What was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 the first U.S. law to do?
Ban immigration from a specific nationality
Why is Thomas Nast historically important?
He exposed corruption through political cartoons
During the Pullman Strike, what caused the conflict to escalate?
Federal troops intervened after mail service was disrupted