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Which beta-blockers are FDA-approved to treat systolic congestive heart failure?
Initial IV fluid therapy for HHS
What is 0.9% Saline
This estimates mortality of patients with pancreatitis based on initial and 48 hour lab values
What is Ranson criteria?
This type of care focuses on relieving pain and symptoms while improving quality of life for patients with serious illnesses, regardless of prognosis.
What is palliative care?
Protein most sensitive to detection on urine dipstick
Albumin
What are the three causes of a holosystolic murmur?
Mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, ventricular septal defect
Alcohol poisoning associated with flank pain and hematuria
What is ethylene glycol
This is the most common type of hiatal hernia where the GE junction slides up through the diaphragm
What is a type 1 (sliding) hiatal hernia?
A model of care that provides comfort and support for terminally ill patients, whether at home, in a hospital, or in a facility.
What is hospice?
Eponymous for IgA nephropathy
Berger's disease
Which leads in EKG are considered the inferior leads?
II, III, aVF
Therapy for refractory variceal bleeding that increases risk for encephalopathy
What is TIPS
Boerhaave syndrome is diagnosed by an esophagram that uses this water soluble contrast
What is gastrografin?
A hospice-eligible patient with advanced dementia often has trouble with this basic function.
What is difficulty swallowing (or recurrent aspiration pneumonia, weight loss, or feeding intolerance)?
Complement component severely reduced in acute post-strept GN
C3
A patient comes in with chest pain. Name four life-threatening causes that should be excluded.
1.acute coronary syndrome
2.pulmonary embolism
3.aortic dissection
4.esophageal rupture (Boerhaave's syndrome)
Treatment for patients with smoke inhalation that do not require intubation
What is 100% inspired oxygen
This is a complication of chronic liver disease that presents with a white reticular pattern of the gastric mucosa on EGD
What is portal hypertensive gastropathy?
Hospice can be considered for heart failure patients who need this IV medication to stay stable.
What is continuous IV inotropes (e.g., dobutamine, milrinone)?
Juxtaglomerular neoplasm associated with HTN, potassium wasting, and hypokalemia
Reninoma
Eponymous name for method of determining cardiac output using the arteriovenous oxygen concentration difference
Fick method (accept Fick principle)
Lipid abnormality associated with ‘pseudo-metabolic acidosis’
What is hypertriglyceridemia
This classification system for peptic ulcers predict the rebleeding rate and mortality
What is the Forrest classification?
This ethical principle justifies stopping artificial nutrition and hydration in dying patients to prevent suffering.
What is the principle of double effect?
Gene associated with non-diabetic kidney disease and HIV associated nephropathy in patients of African descent
APOL1 (Apolipoprotein L1)