Early Rome
What country is Rome located in?
Italy
The 1st Punic War was fought over what?
Trade and control of the Mediterranean
Who was the First Triumvirate?
Caesar, Crassus, Pompey
Early Roman religion resembled that of what civilization?
Greeks
What marked the end of the Western Roman Empire?
Germanic leader Odoacer overthrows the emperor.
The early Roman settlers comprised what three ethnic groups?
Etruscans, Greeks, Latins
Who is the major Carthaginian general from the 2nd Punic War?
Hannibal
Who became the first Roman Emperor, and changes his name to Caesar Augustus?
Octavian
How were the Jewish people treated early in Roman society?
Tolerated - Religious tolerance
Express two (2) military issues leading to the fall of Rome.
Paid for mercenaries, lack of training, invasions
What is a republic form of government?
A form of government in which power rests with the citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders.
Why do the Romans begin the 3rd Punic War?
Not satisfied after 50 years of peace, Romans felt it was a permanent declaration of subordination.
Explain what is meant by "llia iacta est." or (The die has been cast)?
There was no going back. After crossing this river, there would be war.
Why were Christians persecuted for their practices/beliefs?
Suspected of disloyalty and evil practices, blamed for social ills
Which barbarian group was the first group to sack Rome in nearly 8 centuries?
Visigoths
What were the main roles of the Senate?
Elect executives, proposed laws
What societal problems begin to appear within the Republic following the Punic Wars?
Corrupt officials, slaves, gap between rich and poor, wealthy farm owners buying out small farm owners
Why does Caesar go into Egypt to fight Ptolemy, what is the result?
Mediate a dispute, makes Cleopatra the ruling pharaoh
What made Christianity so appealing despite this persecution?
Attractive to all classes, did not discriminate, women could participate, promise of salvation.
Explain how the rise of Christianity led to the lack of power for the emperor.
People would become more loyal to the church instead of the emperor.
The 12 Tables was a primitive what?
Law codes, law
What happened to Tiberius and Gaius after they attempted reforms after the Punic Wars?
They were killed
Describe the death of Caesar.
The senate is upset at his power, is stabbed 23 times by his closest friends in the Senate house.
Emperor Constantine and Theodosius made what notable edicts?
The Edict of Milan (freedom of worship) and the Edict of Thessalonica (Christianity is now the state religion of Empire).
Why was Byzantium/Constantine a good choice for a new capital?
Better strategic position