Bloody Hell
The arteries branch off the abdominal aorta to bring blood supply to the upper and lower GI tracts.
What are the celiac trunk, superior, and inferior mesenteric arteries?
This vein bifurcates at L5
What is the Inferior Vena Cava?
These two nerves branch off the sciatic nerve and innervate muscles in the back of the leg.
What are the tibial and common fibular (peroneal) nerves?
Serves as a "seatbelt" for the tendons of the dorsal foot.
What is the extensor retinaculum of the foot?
The tendons of this muscle attach at the PIP joints of the hand; they do not reach the DIP joints.
What is flexor digitorum superficialis?
This pathology of the bone and artery can result from a FOOSH.
What is a scaphoid fracture and radial artery injury?
Contents include the tibial nerve, artery, and vein as well as the muscles tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus.
What is the tarsal tunnel?
This muscle takes blood vessels from both the superior and inferior gluteal bundles, but is innervated only by the inferior gluteal nerve.
Gluteus max
This vein is located on the lateral aspect of the lower leg and is part of the superficial venous drainage system that ultimately drains into the popliteal vein.
What is the small saphenous vein?
This nerve branches off the common fibular (peroneal) nerve and innervates the muscles of the deep anterior crural compartment.
What is the deep fibular (peroneal) nerve?
This structure connects the muscles of the eye in the back of the eyeball through the trochlea.
What is the common tendinous ring of the eye?
These 3 muscles make up the erector spinae group and run along the LENGTH of the spine.
What are iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis muscles?
If a pt is experiencing numbness in their palm minus a small patch on the base of the palm.
What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
These structures are important contributors to balance on the tripod of the plantar foot.
What are the sesamoid bones of metatarsals 1-5 and the heel?
These arteries branch off from the internal iliac artery and supply the gluteus muscles.
Superior and inferior gluteal bundles
The superficial and deep venous system of the brain drains the sinuses and the corpus callosum, respectively, before draining into this structure.
What is the internal jugular vein?
Shingles lays dormant here until it is reactivated.
What are the dorsal root ganglia?
Plantar faciitis results from inflammation of this piece of connective tissue that attaches to the calcanea tuberosity.
What is the plantar aponeurosis?
This muscle bifurcates and is innervated by both the median and ulnar nerves in the hand.
What is the flexor digitorum profundus?
These nerves are damaged in Erb-Duchenne palsy, which results after a traumatic birth where the baby's head is pulled too hard.
The attachment site for Sartorius, Gracilis, and semiTendinosus (SGT. FOT).
What is the pes anserinus?
The internal and external iliac artery branch off of this artery.
What is the common iliac artery?
The femoral veins come together and drain into the common iliac vein before emptying into this major vein.
What is the inferior vena cava?
This muscle in the back of the leg does NOT get innervated by tibial nerve.
What are the short-head biceps?
Transthoracic fascia helps to form this fascia.
What is spermatic fascia?
This muscle helps with deceleration of the forearm as well as flexion in a semi-prone position and is innervated by a deep branch of the radial nerve.
What is brachioradialis?
Damage to this nerve can result in a foot drop.
What is the common fibular (peroneal) nerve?
Where the biceps brachii tendon sandwich the brachial artery and median nerve.
What is the cubital fossa?
This artery branches off the common carotid artery and turns into the middle cerebral artery of the brain.
What is the internal carotid artery?
Excessive caution must be taken when draining peritoneal fluid to avoid massive bleeding from these veins.
What are epigastric veins?
This nerve pierces through psoas major and contributes a branch to the formation of the spermatic cord.
What is the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve?
This joint serves as the attachment for the superior heads of the lateral pterygoid and is moved by the muscles of mastication.
What is the temporomandibular joint? (TMJ)
This muscle originates from the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae and inserts into the medial aspect of the scapula.
What is the levator scapula?
This injury results in the inability to abduct the arm higher than 15º.
What happens in a supraspinatus injury?
This crural compartment is innervated by deep fibular (peroneal) nerve and responsible for dorsiflexion of the food and toe extension.
What is the anterior crural compartment?
This artery branches off from the external iliac artery and supplies the muscles of the thigh.
These two veins join to make the medial cubital vein in the cubital fossa.
What are the cephalic and basilic veins?
This nerve branches off C5-7 and innervates serratus anterior.
What is the long thoracic nerve?
CNX is located along this structure that is close to the carotid artery.
What is the carotid sheath?
These 3 muscles make up the transversospinalis muscle group that assists with spinal rotation.
What are semispinalis, multifidus, and rotatores?
Numbness or tingling to the medial side of the 4th digit and pinky
What does an ulnar nerve injury look like?
What is the carpal tunnel?
The popliteal artery passes through this structure after branching off from the femoral artery.
What is the adductor hiatus?
The cavernous sinus is a common site for stroke or AVMs due to the drainage of this venous plexus.
What is the pterygoid venous plexus?
What are C5-6
This fascia separates deep muscles from intermediate and extrinsic muscles, serves as an attachment site for various muscles of the back, acts as a “load-transfer” between the various attached muscles, and provides lumbopelvic support.
What is the thoracolumbar fascia?
The muscles (and their innervations) that correspond to the mneumonic, SGT. FOT.
What are Sartorius (femoral nerve), Gracilis (obturator nerve), and semiTendinosus (tibial nerve)?
Difficulty with abduction of arm and sensory loss over deltoid.
What happens in an axillary nerve injury?
These lines are formed by the aponeurosis and reflect normal tension of the skin.
What are Lines of Langer (Linea Alba)?
This artery branches off the arch of the aorta on the RIGHT to supply the subclavian artery.
What is the brachiocephalic artery?
These nodes contribute to the contents of the triangle that is bordered by the inferior margin of the mandible, posterior belly of digastric, and anterior belly of digastric.
What are the submandibular nodes?
These fibers have short pre-ganglionic neurons and long post-ganglionic neurons.
What are sympathetic nerves?
This tendon is an extension of gastrocnemius which allows for flexion of the knee and plantar flexion of the foot.
What is the achilles tendon?
These muscles are located on the internal aspect of the rectus sheath only above the arcuate line and on the external aspect of the rectus sheath below the arcuate line.
What are transverse abdominis muscles?
This injury results in the inability to build or lose arches of the foot.
What is a tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction?
The vertebral artery ascends through this structure in the cervical vertebrae to eventually form the basilar artery.
What are the transverse foramen?
This artery supplies the majority of muscles in the back of the leg as well as the tarsal tunnel.
What is the posterior tibial artery?
These veins commonly spread infection in the brain that has been collected via the 2nd layer of scalp (connective subQ/adipose tissue).
What are emissary veins?
Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus both receive innervation from this nerve.
These 3 knee joint structures are located in the intracapsular space.
What are the ACL, PCL, and menisci?
These intrinsic muscles of the hand assist with finger abduction and extension.
What are dorsal interossei muscles (DABs)?
Fracture of the humerus which can cause necrosis due to the compromise of the axillary and posterior humeral circumflex arteries.
What is a humeral surgical neck fracture?
This structure is referred to as the "doorway to the foot," where the tibial nerve splits into the lateral and medial plantar nerves.
What is the porta pedis?
This artery lies under the pterion after branching off from the maxillary artery and entering the cranium through the foramen spinosum.
What is the middle meningeal artery?
This vein is located on the medial aspect of the lower leg and is part of the superficial venous drainage system that ultimately drains into the femoral vein.
What is the great saphenous vein?
This nerve causes meralgia paresthetica
What is the lateral femoral cutaneous?
What is the parietal peritoneum?
These superficial muscles of the forearm make up the mneumonic "PFPF" and attach at the medial condyle of the cubital fossa.
What are pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, and flexor carpi ulnaris?
What is a pituitary adenoma?
This crural compartment is innervated by tibial nerve and responsible for plantar flexion of the foot, flexion of the toes, and inversion of the foot.
What is the posterior crural compartment?
This artery branches off the femoral artery and supplies posterior thigh with blood.
Profunda femoris (deep femoral artery)
The great saphenous vein drains into this vein at the femoral triangle.
What is the femoral vein?
These roots make up the posterior cord in the brachial plexus which goes on to become the radial and axillary nerves.
What are C5-7?
This ligament prevents overeversion of the foot.
What is the medial (deltoid) ligament?
These muscles of the hand follow the bifurcation pattern of the flexor digitorum profundus and play a crucial role in flexion of the MCP joints and extension of the IP joints.
What are the lumbricals?
This pathological condition presents as a "claw hand" from injury to C8-T1.
What is Klumpke Palsy (lower brachial injury)?
This crural compartment is innervated by superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve and responsible for eversion of the foot and assistance with plantar flexion.
What is the lateral crural compartment?
This artery is a branch of the posterior tibial artery that brings blood supply to the lateral aspect of the leg.
What is the fibular (peroneal) artery?
These nodes contribute to the contents of the triangle bordered by the hyoid bone and lateral belly of digastric muscles under the chin.
What are submental lymph nodes?
These fibers have long pre-ganglionic neurons and short post-ganglionic neurons.
What are parasympathetic nerves?
This ligament forms the superior border of the femoral triangle in a person AFAB and helps form the canal which the spermatic cord passes through in those AMAB.
What is the inguinal ligament?
These intrinsic muscles of the hand assist with finger adduction and flexion.
What are palmar interossei muscles (PADs)?
This injury is commonly caused by a humeral shaft fracture and can result in sensory loss to all extensors.
What is a radial nerve injury?
These three muscles form the borders of the triangle of auscultation.
These THREE arteries are branches of the external carotid that supply structures in the face and neck.
What are the maxillary, facial, and superior thyroid arteries?
This vein is responsible for bringing nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract into the liver.
What is the portal vein?
This spinal nerve would exit above the vertebra for L5.
What is L4?
These are membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
What are meninges?
The hamstrings are comprised of these three muscles.
What are semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and bicep femoris (long head)?
Disruption in this part of the sympathetic chain contributes to the cause of Horner's syndrome.
What is the superior cervical ganglion?
The conus medullaris is formed at this vertebral level, which marks the termination of the spinal cord.
What is L1-L2?
This artery pierces through the interosseus membrane underneath soleus to supply the front of the leg with blood after branching off the popliteal artery.
What is the anterior tibial artery?
This duct pierces through the buccinator muscle and enters the oral cavity near the 2nd upper molar.
What is the parotid duct?
This nerve branches off from the lateral and medial branches of the brachial plexus.
What is the median nerve?
This ligament contains the ATFL, PTFL, and CTFL and resists inversion of the foot.
What is the lateral ligament?
These muscles make up the mneumonic, "SITS" and form the rotator cuff.
What are supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis?
Results in difficulty with resistance while in elbow flexion and sensory deficit to lateral antebrachium.
What is a musculocutaneous nerve injury?
Sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies at this point in the thoracolumbar spinal cord, which then exit out through ventral roots.
What is the lateral horn?
After the subclavian artery becomes the axillary, it becomes THIS artery before splitting below Teres major into the radial and ulnar arteries.
What is the brachial artery?
This vein can sometimes be compressed between the superior mesenteric artery and aorta on the left, resulting in insufficient venous return from the L gonadal vein.
What is the renal vein?
Intrinsic muscles of the back are innervated by these nerves.
What are segmental dorsal rami?
This fascia is a continuation of the thoracolumbar fascia in the back and travels up the neck into the jaw to assist with clenching motions.
What is the pre-vertebral fascia?
This thigh muscle is the only 2-joint muscle that originates from the AIIS and inserts on to the quadriceps tendon.
What is rectus femoris?
The "unhappy triad" refers to injuries of the knee in these three structures.
What are the ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus?
These 7 organs make up the contents of the transpyloric plane.
What are the gallbladder, liver, pylorus of the stomach, duodenal bulb, pancreas, kidneys, and spleen?