Foundations of Peds
This type of prevention focuses on stopping illness before it starts
What is primary prevention?
Think education, vaccines, safety.
This theorist focused on psychosocial development across the lifespan.
Who is Erikson?
An infant’s birth weight should double by this age.
What is 6 months?
What about 12 months?
This age group often eats less because growth slows down requiring less calories.
Who are toddlers?
Breastfeeding provides this type of immunity.
What is natural passive immunity?
This principle of pediatric care focuses on reducing fear, pain, and separation.
What is atraumatic care?
Emotional + physical stress.
A school-age child who feels proud after mastering a skill is demonstrating this concept.
What is industry?
Competence vs self-doubt.
This direction of development explains why head control comes before walking.
What is cephalocaudal?
What other expected direction do children development? Proximal to distal (arms before hands, before fingers)
This food should never be given to infants under 12 months.
What is honey?
Botulism risk.
This type of vaccine should be avoided in immunocompromised children.
What are live attenuated vaccines?
Why?
When a child cannot verbalize pain, nurses rely most heavily on this type of assessment.
What is behavioral observation?
Keeping one’s original culture while adapting to a new one is called this.
What is acculturation?
Blending, not replacing. What is it called if you replace? - assimilation
Holds head steady unsupported, pushes up on elbows, brings hands to mouth.
What is a 4 month infant?
When do fontanels close? Posterior 2-3mos, anterior 9-18mos
Sits with support (or briefly without), rolls from tummy to back, begins to pass objects hand-to-hand? 6mos
Excessive intake of this increases risk for iron deficiency anemia.
What is cow’s milk?
Why? dairy decreases absorption of iron.
Mild fever and redness after vaccines indicate this is happening.
What is immune system activation?
Expected vs allergic reactions.
This pain scale is best for infants, toddlers, and nonverbal children.
What is FLACC?
Match tool to age.
This Piaget stage allows adolescents to think abstractly and problem-solve.
What is formal operations?
Not crawling or standing with support by this age is concerning.
What is 12 months?
Most childhood obesity questions focus on this nursing approach.
What is prevention and education?
No blame.
The most effective way nurses break the chain of infection.
What is hand hygiene?
In pediatric care, this group is considered the constant in the child’s life.
Who is the family?
Family-centered care mindset.
Toddlers prefer independence but may feel frustrated when they fail — this Erikson stage explains why.
What is autonomy vs. shame and doubt?
“Let me do it!”
For developmental screening, nurses are more concerned with this than one missed milestone.
What are patterns or red flags?
Focus: Trends > isolated delays.
This is the #1 strategy to prevent foodborne illness in children.
What is handwashing?
This medication is the first-line treatment for a child experiencing anaphylaxis.
What is IM epinephrine?
Always first, always IM.