GI Disorders
This condition presents with currant jelly stools.
What is Intussusception?
Most common cause of UTI in children.
What is E. coli?
Honey-colored crust lesions are seen in this infection.
What is Impetigo?
Rationale:
Staph/strep infection
Highly contagious—kids stay home until treated
First sign of puberty in females.
What is breast budding (thelarche)?
Trisomy 21 is also known as this.
What is Down syndrome?
Failure to pass meconium in 24–48 hours indicates this disorder.
What is Hirschsprung disease?
This condition causes urine to flow backward toward the kidneys.
What is Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)?
This fungal infection of the scalp requires oral antifungals.
What is Tinea capitis?
Rationale:
Hair follicle involvement → topical won’t penetrate
ONLY fungal infection requiring oral meds—test question!
First sign of puberty in males.
What is testicular enlargement?
This disorder causes a cat-like cry in infants.
What is Cri-du-chat syndrome?
Sudden relief of abdominal pain in appendicitis indicates this complication.
What is rupture?
Key lab that indicates kidney function.
What is creatinine?
This condition causes intense itching and burrows under the skin.
What is Scabies?
Rationale:
Cause intense itching at night
Treat EVERYONE in household
First menstrual period is called this.
What is menarche?
This disorder is caused by inability to metabolize phenylalanine.
What is PKU?
This GI condition is caused by an immature lower esophageal sphincter.
What is GERD?
This electrolyte imbalance puts AKI patients at risk for dysrhythmias.
What is hyperkalemia?
This condition is caused by Candida and often appears in diaper areas.
What is Candidiasis (yeast infection)?
Rationale:
Moist environment → overgrowth
What increases risk? → antibiotics
Tanner Stage 1 represents what?
What is no sexual development?
XXY genotype is seen in this condition.
What is Klinefelter syndrome?
First-line constipation medication in children
What is Polyethylene glycol (Miralax)?
First-line treatment for mild dehydration in children.
What is oral rehydration therapy (ORS)?
Key teaching for lice treatment.
What is treat all household members + repeat in 7–10 days?
Rationale:
Eggs hatch later → second treatment needed
Nits survive first round
Puberty begins when this hormone is released by the hypothalamus.
What is GnRH?
This syndrome presents with hypotonia, obesity, and hyperphagia.
What is Prader-Willi syndrome?