Early Conversations
Paradigmns
Patel (2015)
General
100

A description that explains connections between the factors around a phenomenon that we are interested in exploring

What is theory?

100
The purpose of this paradigm is to go after the T-Truth

What is Positivism?

100

The pursuit of knowledge, about seeking and communicating knowledge

What is research?

100

A study that involves data in some form. These studies collect and analyze data and support their assertions through evidence

What is empirical?

200

A frame that guides your whole research project

What is a conceptual framework?

200

This paradigm is about questioning power disparities in the phenomena we study

What is Critical?

200

A system that hierarchically orders humans, focuses on property and erases other ways of knowing a being

What is settler colonialism?

200

A view of knowledge that assumes that there is an objective ubiased reality that is independent of context

What is objectivism?

300
The values that shape the knowledge one produces

What is axiology?

300

In this paradigm, reality is not objective. It is constructed based on the context in which the phenomena are studied and the phenomena are interpreted by us

What is constructivist-interpretivist?

300

Educational research must be accountable to learning, knowledge, and context.

What is answerability?

300

There is no objective Truth; we construct our own versions and interpretations of reality

What is constructivism?

400

A particular view of what reality is or what is real or true about the world

What is ontology?

400

Not only does this paradigm reveal power disparities, but it is also interested in transforming existing realities

What is critical-ideological?

400

Research is a fundamentally relational project, relational to ways of knowing, who can know, and place. 

What is meant by research is relational?

400

There is no objective truth: everything we can know about a phenomenon resides with the subjects who live those realities

What is subjectivism?

500

What is knowledge, and how do you know what you know?

What is epistemology?

500

Not attached to a particular paradigm, uses whichever one as long as it reveals knowledge about the phenomenon they are interested in

What is pragmatism?

500

How we make meaning of material conditions and our actions, study them, and communicate those findings is inextricably bound up with the ongoing project of coloniality 

What does it mean when we say educational research is a site of coloniality?

500

This type of critique is interested in understanding what possibilities open up when studying existing (unjust) realities

What is affirmative critique?