Cell Cycle
Mitosis
Chromosomes
Division and Differentiation
Cancer
100
The phase of the cycle in order (you may use "M phase" for mitosis)
G1,S,G2,M
100
The phases in order
PMAT
100
Reindeer somatic cells have 70 chromosomes (2n=70). How many do they have after undergoing mitosis?
70
100
Cells that can produce multiple cell types
Stem cells
100
A cancerous mass that spreads throughout the body
malignant
200
The phase where a healthy cell spends most of its time
Interphase
200
What phase
metaphase
200
Reindeer somatic cells have 70 chromosomes (2n=70). How many do they have after undergoing S phase?
140
200
Cells that can produce a limited number of different cell types
pluripotent
200
Where does a cell determine whether to advance through the cell cycle?
Checkpoints
300
What Occurs in S phase
DNA replication
300
An error in these phases would lead to uneven numbers of chromosomes in daughter cells
Metaphase and anaphase
300
C?
Telomeres (would also accept sister chromatids)
300
Benefits of cell division (at least two)
* ensure that a cell does not become too large
* produce new cells during an organism’s growth
* to replace damaged cells and tissues
300
What cells do if they have errors that cannot be fixed
apoptosis
400
The phase where the cell grows and replicates organelles
G1
400
The phase where nuclear envelopes are formed
telophase
400
Where spindle fibers attach
Centromeres
400
The process by which cells become structurally and functionally different from each other
Differentiation
400
What made Henrietta Lacks' ovarian cancer cells useful for medical science?
Divided rapidly and infinitely when provided nutrients.
500
The phase where a cell leaves the cell cycle and ceases dividing
G0
500
The difference between telophase in plant and animal cells
Animals form a cleavage furrow, plants form a cell plate
500
At the end of this phase, each chromosome is made of two sister chromatids
S phase
500
Why do cells have to divide before they reach a certain size? (at least two reasons)
Large cells:
* place more demands on its DNA.
* are more likely to mutate the DNA
* have trouble moving materials across the cell membrane
500
What kind of gene, when mutated, will cause the cell to advance more quickly through checkpoints?
proto-oncogenes