Causes of the Revolution
The social and political system in pre-revolutionary France, characterized by inequality among three estates.
What is the Ancien Régime (or Estate System)?
The vow taken by the National Assembly to draft a new constitution for France.
What is the Tennis Court Oath?
The 1793-94 period of extreme political violence under Robespierre’s leadership.
What is The Reign of Terror?
Napoleon’s government after the overthrow of the Directory in 1799.
What is the Consulate?
Napoleon was first exiled to this Mediterranean island after his defeat in 1814.
What is the island of Elba?
The gathering of representatives from all three estates to address France’s financial crisis in 1789.
What is the Estates General?
The symbolic event on July 14, 1789, that marked the beginning of the revolution.
What is the Storming of the Bastille?
Revolutionary faction of working-class citizens known for their distinctive attire.
Who are the Sans-Culottes?
The comprehensive legal code established by Napoleon, promoting equality under the law.
What is the Napoleonic Code?
The disastrous 1812 campaign that severely weakened Napoleon’s army
What is the Invasion of Russia?
This term refers to widespread panic and peasant revolts inspired by rumors of aristocratic conspiracy.
What is the Great Fear?
This document outlined the rights of French citizens, emphasizing liberty and equality.
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
The group led by Robespierre that aimed to protect the revolution through extreme measures.
Who are the Jacobins?
This agreement between Napoleon and the pope restored relations with the Catholic Church.
What is The Concordat of 1801?
A battle in which the British Royal Navy outmaneuvered Napoleon's French Fleet on their way from the Mediterranean en route to the English Channel?
What is the Battle of Trafalgar?
Philosophical ideals from this intellectual movement inspired calls for liberty, equality, and fraternity.
What is the Enlightenment?
The march to the king’s palace that led to his relocation to Paris.
What is the Women's March on Versailles?
This campaign sought to eliminate religious influence and establish secular practices.
What is dechristianization?
Napoleon’s policy aimed at economically weakening Britain by restricting trade.
What is the Continental System?
The 1815 meeting of European powers that sought to restore balance after Napoleon
What is the Congress of Vienna?
The financial strain caused by this military conflict with Britain helped destabilize France’s economy.
What is the Seven Years War?
This 1790 law reorganized the Catholic Church in France, causing significant controversy.
What is the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?
The mass military conscription introduced to defend revolutionary France from external threats.
What is leveé en masse?
The revolution in this French colony undermined Napoleon’s colonial ambitions.
What is the Haitian Revolution?
This movement, strengthened under Napoleon, fostered pride and unity in various nations
What is Nationalism?