Energy
What is energy?
The ability to do work or cause change.
What is a common source of light for all people on the Earth?
The Sun.
What is sound?
Vibrations that travel through the air and can be heard.
What is an example of thermal energy?
Heat from a stove.
What is an example of mechanical energy?
The motion of a spinning bicycle wheel.
Name two types of energy.
Any two of the following, light, sound, thermal, mechanical or solar.
What type of light is a rainbow?
Visible light spectrum.
How is sound produced?
By objects vibrating.
How is thermal energy transferred?
Through conduction, convection, or radiation.
What machine converts electric to mechanical energy?
An electric motor.
How does energy change form?
Energy can be converted from one form to another, such as potential energy to kinetic energy.
How does light travel?
Light travels in straight lines.
What affects the speed of sound?
The medium through which it travels, like air, water, or steel
What is an example of thermal expansion?
A metal bridge expanding in the heat.
How does a lever increase mechanical energy?
By using a fulcrum to multiply force and change direction of force.
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
How do we see colors?
Objects absorb some wavelengths of light and reflect others, which we see as colors.
How does sound insulation work?
It reduces sound transmission by absorbing sound energy with soft materials.
What is the role of insulation in managing thermal energy?
Insulation helps retain heat by reducing the rate of heat transfer.
How does friction affect mechanical energy?
Friction converts mechanical energy into thermal energy, reducing the efficiency of moving parts.
Describe
Water potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as it falls, which then turns a turbine to generate electrical energy.
Explain how light intensity affects energy consumption.
Higher light intensity requires more energy, increasing consumption
How does the Doppler Effect demonstrate the change in sound frequency?
The Doppler Effect occurs when a sound source moves towards or away from you, changing the frequency and pitch of the sound you hear.
How does thermal energy relate to phase changes of matter?
Thermal energy causes matter to change phases; adding heat can melt ice (solid) to water (liquid), or boil water to steam (gas).
Describe how a gearbox in a car transmits mechanical energy.
A gearbox changes the speed and torque of the engine, transferring mechanical energy to the car wheels at varying efficiencies.