Viruses & Bacteria
The three major domains that classify all life forms on Earth.
What are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya?
This tough polymer strengthens fungal cell walls and is also found in insect exoskeletons.
What is chitin?
The process plants use to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose using sunlight.
What is photosynthesis?
The concentration of sensory organs at the front end of an animal’s body.
What is cephalization?
This type of symbiotic relationship occurs between plant roots and fungi in mycorrhizae.
What is mutualism?
This type of virus life cycle occurs when viral DNA inserts itself into the host’s chromosome before becoming active.
What is the lysogenic cycle?
The tangled mass of filaments that forms the body of most fungi.
What is mycelium?
This plant tissue transports water and minerals from roots to leaves.
What is xylem?
This early developmental process forms the three germ layers of the embryo.
What is gastrulation?
These plants produce naked seeds in cones rather than fruits.
What are gymnosperms?
This molecule is found in bacterial cell walls but not in archaea.
What is peptidoglycan?
The part of a mushroom that produces and releases spores.
What is the fruiting body?
Tiny openings in leaves controlled by guard cells that allow gas exchange.
What are stomata?
The fluid-filled cavity between the digestive tract and body wall in many animals.
What is a coelom?
The evaporation of water from leaves that helps pull water up through the plant.
What is transpiration?
These medications are ineffective against viral infections like influenza because they target bacterial cell structures.
What are antibiotics?
The reproductive cell capable of growing into a new fungus without fertilization.
What is a spore?
This strengthening compound found in xylem cell walls gives wood its rigidity.
What is lignin?
This flexible rod supports the body in embryonic chordates.
What is the notochord?
This process allows bacteria to copy their DNA and divide into two identical cells.
What is binary fission?
An organism that relies on another organism for nutrients and reproduction.
What is a parasite?
The fusion of cell membranes creates a cell with two distinct nuclei. What term is used to refer to this type of cell.
What is heterokaryotic/dikaryotic?
The green pigment in plant cells that captures light energy for photosynthesis.
What is chlorophyll?
This embryonic structure in chordates gives rise to gills of marine organisms.
What are the pharyngeal slits?
This structure provides oxygen and nutrients to developing mammals through the umbilical cord.
What is the placenta?