Past Perfect versus Past Simple
After had/hadn't, we use the:
Past Participle or infinitive?
Past Participle
We use Past Simple to describe events that happen ___________ Past Perfect actions.
After
We use Past Perfect to describe actions that happened ______________ Past Simple actions.
Before
Use a question tag to complete the sentence:
That's gorgeous, (is it/isn't it)?
That's gorgeous, isn't it?
Name an extreme adjective you could use instead of the word SMALL.
Tiny
Read the following sentence:
When (the firefighter arrived to the forest in California), (the fire had already destroyed many trees).
Which part of the sentence happened first?
The fire had already destroyed many trees
I had already studied English before I ___________ (come) to New York.
I had already studied English before I came to New York.
Complete this sentence:
I ___________ (not hear) about Adam's story before I saw this article online.
I had not heard about Adam's story before I saw this article online.
Use a question tag to complete the sentence:
It will be boiling hot, (won't it/will it)?
It will be boiling hot, won't it?
Name an extreme adjective you could use instead of the word COLD.
Freezing
Read the following sentence:
(He had already left for school) when (he found out classes were cancelled)
Which part of the sentence came first?
He had already left for school
Had you heard the news before I ___________ (tell) you?
Had you heard the news before I told you?
The Arctic explorer _____________ (already / spend) 2 weeks in the freezing Antarctic when search and rescue workers found him.
The Arctic explorer had already spent 2 weeks in the freezing Antarctic when search and rescue workers found him.
What is the subject of the sentence? What is the object of the sentence?
Paramedics give first aid to victims of floods.
Subject: Paramedics
Object: Victims of floods
Use an extreme adjective you could use instead of the word HUNGRY.
Starving
Read the following sentence:
(James had already left the ship) when the (Costa Concordia capsized)
Which part of the sentence happened last?
The Costa Concordia capsized
People had escaped the horrific ship accident before it ___________ (sink) to the bottom of the ocean.
People had escaped the horrific ship accident before it sank to the bottom of the ocean.
I __________ (already / do) my homework before this English class started.
I had already done my homework before this English class started.
Use a question tag to complete the sentence:
We could use a mirror, _____________?
Name an extreme adjective you could use instead of the word TIRED.
Exhausted
Complete the sentence using both Past Perfect and Past Simple.
I _________ (be) very tired yesterday because I _____________ (study) so much for my English exam.
I was very tired yesterday because I had studied so much for my English exam
My cousin had thought about working on a cruise ship before this disaster ____________ (happen). Now she does not want to.
My cousin had thought about working on a cruise ship before this disaster happened. Now she does not want to.
Elena and Josh were furious when they arrived to the football match and discovered it ___________ (already / start).
Elena and Josh were furious when they arrived to the football match and discovered it had already started.
Use a question tag:
The victims received compensation, _________?
The victims received compensation, didn't they?
Replace the words in (parenthesis) with extreme adjectives:
Stephanie had a very (frightening) experience this morning when an (angry) dog jumped out from behind a (big) tree and scared her.
Terrifying, furious, huge