Causes and Beginning
October 29, 1929. The day the stock market crashed, signifying the beginning of the Great Depression.
What was Black Tuesday?
The period of time in which the Great Plains area of the US was ravaged by severe drought, blight, and dust storms.
What was the Dust Bowl?
A form of protest in which workers would lock themselves in factories, slowing production, so they could not be replaced by other workers.
What was a sit-down strike?
The bill that introduced a new program to provide financial assistance to the unemployed, the elderly, the disabled, children, and single mothers.
I brought the country out of the Great Depression, packed the courts, and was the architect of the New Deal.
Who is Franklin Delano Roosevelt?
The natural up and down pattern seen in the economy, that made people think the stock market would fix itself.
What is the Business Cycle?
A new union that organized workers based on industry and not by skill level.
What was the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)?
The radio broadcasts in which FDR would address the nation, give up-to-date information on the economy, and ask the American people to trust his administration during the Great Depression.
What are Fireside Chats?
In order to raise federal money for New Deal programs, FDR raised taxes on what group in the country?
Rich individuals and corporations.
I was the first woman in the presidential cabinet. I served as FDR's Secretary of Labor for 12 years.
Who is Frances Perkins?
The act of buying stock using money that was borrowed from a bank. Significantly led to the bank collapse when the falling stock prices led to people being unable to repay their loans.
Buying on Margin
The group of WW1 vets who congregated and rioted in Washington D.C., demanding an early military bonus payment.
What was Bonus Army?
The first few months of FDR's presidency in which he and Congress hammered out the New Deal.
What were the 100 Days?
What did critics not like about the New Deal?
They believed the government and presidency were gaining too much power.
I was the author of The Grapes of Wrath and focused on depression-era migrant workers for my stories.
Who is John Steinbeck?
What president was blamed for the Great Depression and why?
Herbert Hoover; Remained inactive and refused to involve the government in helping people financially.
Why were banks closing in the 1930s?
Because of people not paying back loans, losing money in stock market, people wouldn't trust banks anymore.
Roosevelt's Judicial Procedures Reform Act would allow the president to appoint a new justice (judge) to the Supreme Court for every sitting justice over the age of 70. This would have increased the number of judges on the Supreme Court from 9 to 15. Why did FDR want this bill passed?
FDR hoped that by appointing several new justices that were loyal to him, he could get them to pass difficult New Deal legislation.
Name three New Deal Programs and explain their purpose.
TVA, SSA, CWA, CCC, WPA, etc.
A member of FDR's "black cabinet" who advised the presidential administration on education and race relations.
Explain overproduction and how it led to the Great Depression.
During the 1920s, Americans spent money on luxury items like cars, telephones, refrigerators, phonographs, vacuums, and washing machines. This made the US economy boom. But when the majority of Americans had finally acquired one of these products, sales numbers dropped. Companies then stopped production, laid-off workers, and slashed prices to sell as much product as possible.
Explain multiple reasons that farmers had it the worst during the Great Depression.
Banking crisis and farm loan issues, falling crop prices, dust bowl.
What was one famous quote from FDR?
"We have nothing to fear but fear itself"
"I commit myself to a New Deal for the American people"
Name three ways the New Deal changed the country.
Financial welfare programs, Made the Government Bigger, Provided Jobs
What is the presidential cabinet?
The advisors of the president. Represent multiple areas of society and governmental policy.