Pediatric Pain & Care of Chronically Ill Child
Pediatric Neuro
Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
variety
Pediatric Cardiac/Musculoskeletal
Peds Cardiac Cont.
Peds Respiratory
Hematologic Cont
Melting Pot
100

Name 3 pediatric pain scales

FLACC, CRIES, FACES, Number, Word

100

What is the most common scoring system used to describe the level of consciousness of a person?

Glasgow Coma Scale

100

A 7 y/o tells you they have cancer in their muscles, what disease do they have?

Rhabdomyosarcoma

100

A 4 y/o with a recent diagnosis of UTI is readmitted with flank pain. What is the likely cause?

Pyelonephritis

100

Name 2 physiologic, psychologic, and family effects of the immobilized child.

Physiologic: GI, integumentary, cardiovascular, respiratory, developmental regression.

Psychologic: Altered perception of self and environment, increased frustration, helplessness, and anxiety, depression, anger, aggressive behavior. 

Family: Disruption to family function, logistic management of ill child, support, coping skills.

100

This congenital heart disorder has 4 distinct defects.

What is Tetralogy of Fallot?

100

This postoperative development may indicate bleeding after a tonsillectomy.

What is frequent swallowing?

100

Name 2 causes of iron deficiency anemia.

What is decreased fetal iron stores and increased cow's milk intake?

100

When auscultating, you hear a machinery like murmur. What is most likely the congenital heart defect?

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

200

A 4 m/o is diagnosed with hearing impairment. What might be some clinical manifestations that eluded to this diagnosis?

No startle response; not cooing or babbling. 

200

A small sac-like structure filled with meninges and spinal fluid often found on the low back.

Meningocele

200

What is the treatment of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)?

Bone Marrow Transplant

200

What is the cause and the concern of Hirschsprung's disease?

Genetic issue resulting in missing nerves in the large intestine muscle cells. Decreased motility through the large intestine resulting in blockages. Toxic megacolon. 

200

An 8 m/o with Tetralogy of Fallot becomes irritated, upset, and inconsolable. They start turning blue around the mouth and in the fingers and toes. What interventions do you perform?

Knees to chest

Try to calm baby

Supplemental oxygen

IV fluids

200

This is an early sign of heart failure in infants.

What is tachycardia?

200

Sudden onset of harsh, barky cough, inspiratory stridor, and sore throat.

What is croup?

200

What is pancytopenia and what disorder is it found with?

What is profound anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia? What is aplastic anemia?

200

Upon auscultation, you hear asymmetric breath sounds. There are no other symptoms. What is the likely cause?

What is foreign body aspiration?

300

What would be a nursing educational point to a parent who tells you "they don't need any lidocaine cream, they don't feel pain like we do," when their 4 y/o child is about to get an IV placed?

Children feel pain just like adults do. 

Repeated painful experiences do not make children tougher. 

Children can remember painful stimuli. 

300
A 5 y/o patient presents with photophobia, stiff neck, and sudden-onset fever. What diagnostic test do you expect to prepare for?

Lumbar puncture (meningitis)

300

A 15 y/o pt has a central line for chemotherapy. They come in with a fever of 102.1 F. What are two interventions you expect to do immediately?

Draw cultures off of all lumens and one venous. Administer fluid bolus. Administer antibiotics. Antipyretic. 
300

Injury in children less than one year of age, commonly occurs as a result of child maltreatment due to shaken baby syndrome.

What is diffuse axonal injury?

300

What is the concern with QT prolongation?

Atrium contract before ventricles repolarize, leading to Vtach.

300

This serious infection is often caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream through dental procedures.

What is bacterial infective endocarditis?

300

Name 3 signs of epiglottitis that begin with the letter "D."

dysphonia

Dysphagia

Drooling

Distressed respiratory effort

300

A patient with sickle cell anemia is experience increased pain in joints, visual disturbances, swelling of hands. What is happening?

What is a vaso-occlusive crisis?

300

Description of convulsion that include rhythmic stiffening and jerking of trunk and extremities.

What is tonic-clonic activity?

400

You are discharging a family of a newborn with Trisomy 21. In addition to educating about the lifelong effects of this condition, list three things you might inform the family about/make sure they are thinking about for themselves?

Financial counseling, support group, likely not their fault, self-care, childcare, counseling. 

400
Steve, a 17 y/o football player is admitted after a head-to-head collision. The patient is diagnosed with a concussion. Under your care, they experience a severe headache, vomiting, and starts falling asleep. You ask the pt to state their name, they say "Bill". What could be the cause of the patient's clinical manifestations?

Increased intracranial pressure

400

A patient is known to have nausea and vomiting with their chemotherapy administration. What are two medications you could consider giving?

Ondansetron(Zofran), Aprepitant (Emend), Proclorperazine (Compazine), Lorazepam (Ativan), Famotidine (Pepcid), Dexamethasone (Decadron)

400

Infection causing fever, irritability (or lethargy), and nuchal rigidity most commonly caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B, or Streptococcus pneumoniae.

What is bacterial meningitis?

400

A 1 y/o suffers a traumatic injury and fractures their femur. As a nurse, what questioning attitude do you practice? It was found to be accidental, what do you educate the parents about when they say "my baby will never be able to walk now."

1) Babies rarely fracture bones, especially femurs.

2) Bone healing in children happens quite rapidly. This pt, likely about 4-weeks.

400

This medication is prescribed for Kawasaki's disease for it's anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet effect.

What is aspirin?

400

This breath sound is commonly heard during an asthma attack.

What is wheezing?


400

Name the 3 major types of hemophilia and what factors they are deficient in?

What is VWD (vwf), hemophilia A (VIII), hemophilia B (IX)?

400

Characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures and is not diagnosed until the patient has two or more afebrile seizures.

What is epilepsy?

500

You are caring for a 16 y/o pt who has a terminal disease and just signed on to hospice. What information is important to remember when communicating with a child in this developmental stage.

Value time with peers more than parents. 

Just beginning to learn about themselves, major events (driving, dating, dances, graduation, work). 

Increased body perception.

500
A 2 y/o is 1-month status post ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement and presents with fever of 101.7 F. Why are you concerned and how do you expect to intervene? 

1-2 months after VP shunt placement is greatest risk for infection. Septicemia, bacterial endocarditis, meningitis.

Aggressive antibiotics, possible shunt removal.  

500

What are three differences between pediatric and adult cancers?

Detection is usually accidental, Cannot be prevented, At detection about 80% metastatic, Response is very chemosensitive, Treatment has lower acute toxicity but higher long-term effects.

500

Name the onset, peak, and duration of humalog & of lantus.

Humalog: O: 15 min, P: 40-50 min, D: 3-5 hours

Lantus: O: 1 hour, P: 0, D: 24 hours

500

Why do holes in the heart (Atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus) lead to an increase in pulmonary bloodflow?

L to R shunt. L-side of heart has increased muscle, pressure, and contraction to supply the rest of the body. 

500

Rheumatic fever is diagnosed using the modified Jones criteria. Name 2 of the 5 major criteria.

What is carditis, subcutaneous nodules, polyarthritis, rash, and chorea.

500

The term used for frothy and foul-smelling stools in children with cystic fibrosis.

What is steatorrhea?

500

ame the triad of problems associated with Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome?

Thrombocytopenia, eczema, immunodeficiency of selective B and T lymphocytes.

500

Seizures typically occuring between 6 months to 5 years of age with the most common associated infectious illness being otitis media (34%).

What are febrile seizures?