States of Matter
This state of matter has a definite shape and volume
Solid
The amount of matter in an object; commonly measured with a balance/scale
Mass
When salt disappears in water and the mixture looks the same throughout, this is called a _________.
Solution
A sign of a chemical reaction: bubbles form and a gas appears. True or false?
True
The smallest pieces of matter that keep the properties of an element are called ____.
Atoms
This change of state turns a liquid into a gas at the surface; name it
Evaporation
The amount of space an object takes up. What is this called?
Volume
In a solution, the substance that dissolves is called the _______.
Solute
In the baking soda and vinegar reaction, name one gas produced
Carbon dioxide
Two or more atoms bonded together form a _____.
Molecule
Particles in this state are far apart and move the fastest
Gas
Density is how tightly packed matter is. Write the formula that relates density (D), mass (M), and volume (V)
D=M/V
What kind of mixture is cloudy and has tiny solid pieces floating that do not dissolve?
Suspension
State the conservation principle that says mass is neither created nor destroyed in ordinary chemical reactions.
Conservation of Mass/Matter.
What goes into a reaction, must also exit the reaction.
What is an element?
An element is one type of atom
Give the name for the change from solid directly to gas (no liquid)
Sublimation
Name two physical properties you could use to identify a pencil
List two physical separation techniques that could separate a mixture of sand and water
Filtering, boiling
Write the simple word formula (Not chemical formula) for the reaction that yields or creates carbon dioxide, water, and sodium acetate
Baking soda + Vinegar
Name the three main pieces that create an atom (these are called subatomic particles)
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
Explain why a balloon inflates when you blow air into it using the particle model
Gas moves at a fast rate and has no definite shape or volume. The speed of the gas stretches the balloon and inflates it.
Describe one chemical property and one physical property of milk
Color, size, shape, texture, state, viscosity
Slightly acidic, enzymes can curdle it, particles can be separated.
Explain how stirring and temperature affect the rate at which a solute dissolves
Stirring increases the rate of molecular movement, making collisions of solvent and solute more likely.
Temperature increases kinetic energy and adds energy to atoms, making collisions more effective.
Describe how you could use measurements before and after a reaction to provide evidence for conservation of mass
Measure total mass of all reactants (ingredients) before reaction and total mass of products after.
Pure water: only water molecules (all same particle). Saltwater: water molecules plus dissolved salt ions or particles; particles of solute are mixed among solvent particles (solution), so composition differs even though individual particles are too small to see.