Facial Treatments
List the steps in a basic facial.
facial cleansing, skin analysis, exfoliation, steaming or warm towels, extractions (if needed), massage, mask, toner, moisturizer, sun protection
What is the most common diopter for a magnifying lamp?
Five diopters is the most common for a magnifying lamp
What is the term for spa treatments that use water?
hydrotherapy
List three important infection control methods.
Wash hands prior to touching clients. Wear gloves for all wax services. Do not double dip the spatula
List the primary and secondary colors
Primary: red, yellow, and blue;
secondary: orange, green, and violet
A classification that describes a persons genetic skin attributes
Skin type
Manual manipulation achieved by rubbing, kneading, or other methods that stimulate metabolism and circulation
Massage
Natural sourced ingredients that are grown without the use of pesticides
Organic
What four practices help keep the client and the esthetician on schedule?
Client is asked to come in 15 minutes early, called to confirm, receptionist checks in client, and finally have consultation charts ready
What machine helps address excess cell buildup, excess dirt, and excess oil?
rotary brush
What primarily determines the effect of a body wrap?
type of product used
What is the most effective stage/phase for hair removal?
The anagen phase is the most effective stage for hair removal
Give two examples each of warm and cool colors.
Warm colors range from yellow and gold through the oranges, red-oranges, most reds, and even some yellow-greens.
Cool colors are dominated by blues, greens, violets, and blue-reds.
Center of the face, T shaped formed by forehead, nose and chin.
T zone
What are the benefits of massage?
Relaxes client
Stimulate circulation
Helps muscle tone
Reduce puffiness
Increase product absorption
Products not tested on animals
Cruelty - free
As an esthetician, what primary activity can you not perform?
An esthetician cannot diagnose or treat medical conditions such as rosacea or cystic acne
How often should you clean the inside of the hot-towel cabinet with a topical disinfectant?
at the end of each day
What are enzyme peels and typical results?
Enzymes work to digest the keratin (protein) in dead skin cells on the surface of the skin. The results are very superficial, temporary, and provide a refreshed dewy complexion.
What disease, disorder, or syndrome most commonly causes hirsutism?
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
What are the three main color selection steps used to choose makeup colors?
There are three main factors to consider when choosing colors for a client: • Skin color • Eye color • Hair color
Skin types are categorized as:
Normal, dry, combination or oily
Soft, continuous stroking movement applied with fingers and palms in a slow rhythmic manner
Effleurage
Ingredients that tend to clog pores
Comedogenic
What are considered vasoconstricting?
cold towels
List and define the two main reactions of the galvanic current.
Galvanic current is used to create two significant reactions in esthetics: chemical desincrustation and ionic iontophoresis. Iontophresis pushes water soluble products into there skin. Desincrustastion soften follicles for deep cleansing.
How do alpha hydroxy acids exfoliate the skin?
AHAs penetrate the corneum via the intercellular matrix and loosen the bonds between the cells.
What are hair papillae necessary for?
The hair papillae, located at the base of the follicle, houses capillaries for nourishment and are essential to hair growth.
Color saturation refers to
a pureness of a color
What skin type has moderate to large pore size, shiny in appearances and feels thick and firm?
Oily
What are some contraindications of massage?
Inflamed acne, Contagious disorders, Sunburn, Sensitive skin, open lesions, uncontrolled diabetes, or hypertension
Functional ingredients
do not affect the appearance of the skin but necessary for product formulation
When in the extraction process is a healing mask beneficial?
after all extractions are done
Electrotherapy is
the use of electrical devices for therapeutic benefits.
What type of skin conditions benefit most from BHA peels?
BHAs are used primarily on clients with oilier skin and with acne
What is a main benefit of electrolysis?
The biggest benefit of electrolysis is that it offers permanent hair removal regardless of hair type or skin color.
Which face shape has long been considered the ideal?
oval
Used to measure the skin type's ability to tolerate UV exposure
Fitzpatrick skin type
What are the five massage movements?
Effleurage, Petrissage, Tapotement, Friction, Vibration
Causes oil and water to mix
Emulsifiers
What do steaming allow for?
Soften skin and easier extractions
What are some general contraindications for electrotherapy?
Clients with heart conditions, pacemakers, metal implants or braces
pregnancy
Epilepsy
open or broken skin
clients who are scared
Esthetician administered light peels include:
enzymes, glycolic 30 percent or less, jester peels and low TCA (only 1-3 layers)
What are the three major type of hair to be found on the human body and describe.
Lanugo- baby hair
Vellus - peach fuzz
Terminal- Coarse hair
used to diminish and cover blemishes
concealer
Which Fitzpatrick skin type, tans well and burn moderately?
Type 3
Compression technique that includes kneading, squeezing and pinching
Petrissage
highly concentrated plants used for their natural aromas
Aromatherapy
When would desincrustation be performed in a facial?
Before extractions
Hot towels should not be used on
clients with extremely fragile skin, uncontrolled rosacea, open lesions
machine based exfoliation treatment that uses crystal spray or diamond tip to polish dead skin cells from skin surface
Microdermabrasion
What it is the difference between epilation and depilation?
Depilation is removing hair at or near the level of the skin and epilation is removing hair from follicle.
used to add a matte or non shiny finish to the skin
face powders
Visible broken or distended capillaries
Telangiectasia
Massage technique derived from Chinese medicine and consist of applying pressure to specific points
Shiatsu
Naturally occurring acids derived from fruit, nuts, milk, or sugars
AHA
What is the final step of a facial?
Sun screen
Also known as the suction machine
Vacuum machine
high powered devices that use intense electromagnetic radiation for hair removal or skin treatments
Lasers
Chemical substance that remove hair at the surface of the skin
chemical depilatory
accentuate and bring out features
Highlighters
Pertaining to the lower neck and chest
Decollete
Invigorating rubbing technique that stimulate circulation
Friction
Most common BHA
Salicylic acid
Dehydration of the epidermis occurs through
Transepidermal water loss
cataphoresis infuses positive product into the skin, Anaphoresis infuses a negative product.
The application of light rays to the skin for treatment of wrinkles, capillaries, pigmentation or unwanted hair.
Light therapy
What is a main difference between soft wax and hard wax?
Soft wax uses a strip and hard wax doesn't. Must apply with hair growth for soft wax and removed in the opposite direction. Can not go over the same area twice with soft wax.
What are some common questions to ask your client during a makeup consultation?
Willl you be attending a special occasion?
Is it a day time or night time event?
What colors will you wear?
Describe your makeup use.
Do you have any makeup issues? (allergies)
What is hyperkeratinization
Excessive build up of dead skin cells
uses gentle rhythmic pressure to detoxify and remove waste material from the body
Manual lymph draining
What is the goal in treating problematic skin?
Reduce the over activity of the oil glands, promote healthy oil-water balance, get rid of acne causing bacteria, and reduce inflammation.
What is the treatment goal for treating hyperpigmentation?
Chemical exfoliation and brighten agents to reduce hyperpigmentation
An apparatus that uses a alternating current and produces a heating effect
High frequency machine
Device used to reduce acne, increase skin circulation, and collagen content in the skin.
LED
Describe the soft wax technique.
Test wax
Cleanse area
Apply thin coat of wax in direction of hair growth
hold skin taut
rub firmly and remove
apply pressure immediately
use post wax remover
List the steps to a makeup application according to state board
foundation
Powder
Blush
Eyeshadow
Eyeliner
Mascara
lip
What are three things to do during a skin analysis?
Look, Touch, Ask
Massage may be started on :
the chin, décolleté or forehead
What ingredients can mature skin benefit from?
Ceramides, Vitamin C, Peptides, Retinoids