It's a Hip Thing
Kneed to Know
A Foot Ahead of the Rest
Arthrokinematics: Still here
Joint Stuff
100
A large angle of inclination (ie: >140 degrees) is referred to as coxa valga. This usually results in ________ at the knees.
Genu varum (bow-legged)
100
When the distal tibia is laterally deviated from the knee joint, this is considered:
Genu valgum (knee valgus, "knock-kneed")
100
Describe the MAIN osteokinematic movements of the TC joint vs. the subtalar joint
TCJ: DF/PF
STJ: In/EV
Pro & Supination are a combination
100
Describe arthrokinematics for OKC flexion of the femoracetabular joint - include convex, concave surfaces and mechanics
Hip flexion: posterior roll, inferior glide
Concave: acetabulum
Convex: femoral head
100
What muscle acts as a stabilizer in the lower extremity and aids in locking/unlocking for the screw home mechanism?
popliteus
200
Name the end feels for the following: Hip flexion, hip extension, hip abduction, hip ER/IR.
All firm
Sometimes, flexion can be soft
200
Name the muscles that make up the Pes Anserine, from lateral to medial:
SGT: Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus
200
Describe the position where the gastroc would be passively insufficient.
Long sitting with the ankle in maximum DF- the gastroc maximally stretched
*The knee maximally flexed and the ankle maximally plantarflexed would be active insufficiency
200
Describe the arthrokinematics of the tibiofemoral joint when standing up from a chair.
Upon standing, a CKC exercise, the femoral condyles are convex and moving on the concave tibial plateau. Thus, the condyles are rolling anteriorly and gliding posteriorly.
200
If someone is walking and demonstrating a mild lean towards their R side as a compensation, this is likely a compensation for what muscle weakness in the hip? (also specify which side)
R glute medius weakness (ie: L hip drop, typically will lean towards weak side to compensate)
300
There are 7 2-joint muscles in the upper leg musculature. Name 3
Rectus femoris, gracilis, sartorius, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, TFL
300
If sitting in a chair, rising to a standing position is considered a closed chain movement. Describe the arthrokinematic movement occurring:
Convex femur moving on a concave tibia.
Convex moving on concave = opposite
Anterior roll, posterior glide
300
Which muscle is most often implicated in shin splints and where are its origin and insertion?
Anterior tibialis- Proximal lateral tibia, 1st cuneiform/1st metatarsal
300
Describe the screw home mechanism during OKC knee extension
As the knee moves into extension, the tibia Externally rotates in order to "lock" into extension, and then IR in order to move back into flexion
300
Someone who has a large angle of torsion at the hip/knee will likley demonstrate what while walking?
Anteversion (toe-in)
400
Of the gluteal muscles discussed in class, name 2 that attach to the greater trochanter.
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, OI, piriformis, *inferior & superior gemellus
400
Name all ligaments of the knee (4) and their main functions
ACL, PCL, LCL, MCL
ACL: prevents anterior translation of tibia, PCL: prevents posterior translation of tibia, LCL: prevents varus forces, MCL: prevents valgus forces
400
Calcaneal (hindfoot) valgus
400
During a heel raise, what surface is moving on what when it comes to arthrokinematics of the talocrural joint?
posterior roll of the talus, and anterior slide of the talus
Convex moving on concave
400
Coxa vara, or an angle of inclination <125*, will likely demonstrate what type of change down the chain?
Knee valgus
500
During a fire hydrant exercise, the knee and hip are flexed to 90* and then the person abducts . Which muscles are likely the most active? Name 2
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, TFL
500
Name 2 of the main functions of the mensicus
Deepens concavity of tibia, shock absorber, distributes weight bearing forces
500
If one wanted to work the soleus muscle, how would you instruct them to do so?
Heel raise with the knee bent
500
When standing, and leaning one's body over one's foot, placing the talocrural joint into DF, what arthrokinematics are occurring here?
CKC- talus is stationary, concave distal tibia moving on talus--> anterior roll and slide
500
A heel raise is considered a(n) ____ chain exercise.
An inverted leg press heel raise is considered a(n) _____ chain exercise.
A seated toe curl is considered a(n) _____ chain exercise.
Closed, open, open