Bill of Rights
This freedom protects the right to criticize the government without punishment.
Freedom of speech (1st Amendment)
The Constitution divides power among three branches of government using this principle.
Separation of Powers
This group wrote Brutus 1 and opposed ratifying the Constitution
Anti-Federalists
This Federalist Paper, written by Alexander Hamilton, argues that a strong, energetic executive is necessary for effective government.
Federalist 70
Under this system, each state had exactly one vote in Congress regardless of population.
Articles of Confederation
This amendment includes protection against self-incrimination and double jeopardy.
Fifth Amendment
This article of the Constitution establishes the legislative branch.
Article I
Brutus argued that because the Constitution has this clause, federal power would expand beyond its limits.
Necessary and Proper Clause
EVERYBODY GETS 200 POINTS!!!!!
EVERYBODY GETS 200 POINTS!!!!!
This civil rights leader wrote Letter from Birmingham Jail in 1963 after being arrested for protesting segregation.
Martin Luther King Jr.
This amendment says powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved to the states or the people.
Tenth Amendment
This system allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the others.
Checks and Balances
Brutus predicted that the federal judiciary would use this power to shape the meaning of the Constitution.
Judicial Review
This famous Federalist Paper explains how a large republic can control factions.
Federalist 10
The colonies declared independence from this king of Great Britain.
King George III
This 1963 Supreme Court case ruled that states must provide an attorney to defendants who cannot afford one.
Gideon v. Wainwright
This clause allows Congress to regulate trade between the states.
Commerce Clause
Brutus 1 reflects this broader debate in American politics about how power should be divided between national and state governments.
Federalism
This Federalist Paper explains the importance of separation of powers and checks and balances.
Federalist 51
This Enlightenment philosopher influenced Jefferson’s ideas about natural rights and government by consent.
John Locke
This Supreme Court case applied the exclusionary rule to the states.
Mapp v. Ohio
This 1787 meeting in Philadelphia produced the Constitution and replaced the Articles of Confederation.
Constitutional Convention
Brutus believed that a republic could only survive if it governed this type of territory.
Small and limited territory
Hamilton supports lifetime appointments for federal judges in this Federalist Paper to ensure judicial independence.
Federalist 78
Having two branches or chambers.
Bicameral