Nutrition 1
HOB should be elevated to how many degrees for a patient on aspiration precautions?
At least 30-45 degrees
This type of carbohydrate takes longer to break down and comes from vegetables and fruits
Complex Carbs
pH: 7.50 HCO3: 35
Metabolic Alkalosis
Calculate the total intake from the following:
5 oz of water
4 oz of orange juice
6 oz of diet cola
450 mLs
Which electrolyte abnormality does the following present?
Decreased deep tendon reflexes, hypotension, and respiratory depression
Hypermagnesemia
What vitamin is high in papayas and broccoli
Vitamin C
Fill in the blank:
According to the American Heart Association 2020 we should be between _______ of our total fat intake
According to the American Heart Association 2020 we should be between 20-35% of our total fat intake
pH: 7.25, HCO3: 21
Metabolic acidosis
True or False:
You can expect to see an increased urine specific gravity with dehydration
True
What foods can you encourage a patient that has Hypophosphatemia?
Milk, yogurt, meat, nuts
What are the top two assessment measures the nurse can gather from a patient regarding their dietary intake during the interview process?
Food diary and 24-hour recall
True or False:
To remove an NG tube, instruct the patient to take a deep breath and hold it; pinch the tube, and pull it out smoothly and quickly.
True
Which of the following acid-base imbalances presents with hyperventilation?
Respiratory Alkalosis
Most reliable indicator for fluid volume status
Daily weights
What is hypercalcemia and what is one nursing intervention that can decrease the possibility of a patient developing this?
Calcium levels greater than 10.5. Encourage ambulation on the unit
Prior to administering enteral feeds, what should the nurse do?
Aspirate and test the pH of gastric content
Complete the two blanks:
If the residual amount is less than _________ or half the amount of the last feed, proceed with the new feedings. If the residual is more than 250ml ___________
If the residual amount is less than 250ml or half the amount of the last feed, proceed with the new feedings. If the residual is more than 250ml wait one hour.
What are the normal ranges for the following:
pH
CO2
HCO3
Pa02
Normal PaCO2: 35-45
Normal HC03: 22-28
Normal pH: 7.35-7.45
Normal Pa02: 75-100
This type of fluid causes a shift from extracellular to intracellular
Hypotonic IV solutions
Heart failure and cardiac patients are at risk for this type of electrolyte imbalance?
Potassium
Patient A: Post/op day 1 PEG tube who has an order to start feeds
Patient B: On TPN and needs a dressing and tubing change and is complaining of feeling lightheaded
What nursing intervention and which patient is priority for the nurse to see first?
Patient B and obtaining vital signs
Inflamed tongue related to iron-deficiency anemia
Glossitis
Which of the following acid-base imbalance presents with the following:
diabetes, renal failure, prolonged diarrhea, excessive intake of acids, sepsis
Metabolic acidosis
Who should the nurse see first?
Patient A: Older adult who is awaiting discharge
Patient B: Teenager who is post/op day 2 of her femur
Patient C: A middle aged man who is lethargic and becoming confused
Patient D: Teenager who is asking for pain medication, scale 5/10
Patient C
Which of the following values requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
ABG pH 7.40
Potassium 5.0
Magnesium 1.6
Calcium 5
Calcium 5, hypocalcemia