Phonological Awareness
Print Awareness
Vocabulary & Comprehension
Writing development
100

Recognizing when two words sound alike at the end, like “cat” and “hat.”

What is a rhyme?

100

Recognizing that print carries meaning is called this.

What is print awareness?

100

Understanding spoken stories and directions demonstrates this skill.

What is listening comprehension?

100

Scribbles that don’t represent letters but show awareness of meaning are part of this stage.

What is precommunicative?

200

The smallest units of sound in a word are called these.

What are phonemes?

200

Everyday signs like “STOP” or “OPEN” are examples of this type of print.

What is environmental print?

200

Using clues from text and prior knowledge to draw conclusions is called this.

What is inference?

200

When children begin to match sounds to letters, they are showing this stage of writing.

What is the semiphonetic stage?

300

Breaking words into onset and rime helps children learn this essential skill.

What is phonological awareness?

300

Knowing that text is read left to right and top to bottom shows understanding of this concept.

What is directionality?

300

Using clues from text and prior knowledge to draw conclusions is called this.

What are inferences?

300

Breaking words into sounds to spell them phonetically is called this breakthrough.

What is phonetic breakthrough?

400

The ability to hear and manipulate sounds in spoken language is known as this.

What is phonemic awareness?

400

Wordless picture books help children develop this skill by interpreting images as stories.

What is comprehension?

400

Listening comprehension helps children build this, which is essential for reading.

What is vocabulary?

400

The conventional spelling system of a language is known as this.

What is orthography?

500

Producing silly rhymes and playing sound games builds this foundation for reading success.

What is phonological awareness?

500

The knowledge that letters represent sounds is known as this principle.

What is alphabetic principle?

500

Expanding word knowledge through songs, rhymes, and conversations builds this.

What is oral language development?

500

Scribbles that mimic the shape and flow of writing are called this type of writing.

What is mock linear writing?