Atmosphere, weather and climate
Fill in the gap: the UK has a _____ climate than Spain
colder, rainier
Name the three layers of the atmosphere
the troposphere, the stratosphere, the ionosphere
Thermometer, barometer, hygrometer are all examples of what?
instruments used to measure the weather
Name an example of a cold climate
North Pole
Why do we need to protect the ozone layer?
because it protects us against the Sun’s harmful UV rays
What is the atmosphere?
the layers of gases surrounding the Earth
How far does the stratosphere rise to?
50kms above sea level
What is the used to measure wind speed called?
anemometer
What is a temperate climate? Give an example
A mild climate, no extreme weather. For example the UK.
Name three ways we can protect ourselves from the sun
wear sunscreen and a hat, wear sunglasses, drink water to prevent ourselves from being dehydrated
What is weather?
what the conditions are like in a particular place and a particular time
How does a rainbow occur?
it is an arc of the colours of the spectrum produced when the sunlight shines through the water droplets of clouds and is refracted
What is a person who studies the weather called?
meteorologist
Name three factors that affect climate
how high a place is (altitude), distance from seas and oceans, distance from the Equator
How can we look after the atmosphere?
use cars less, use public transport more, use less electricity
What is climate?
what the weather is like in a particular place over a long period of time (over the last 30 years)
How does lightening happen?
when frozen particles collide with one another in clouds and create electrical discharge
Name the three instruments that are used to predict the weather
wind vane, weather satellites and weather balloons
What is the Equator?
the area where the sun’s rays are received more directly
How has pollution affected the atmosphere?
it has created holes in the ozone layer and caused the atmosphere to become thicker so it’s harder for heat to escape into space
What’s the difference between weather and climate?
climate is what the weather is like in a particular place over a long period of time (over the last 30 years), whereas weather is short-term
What is the ozone layer?
it is a layer of gas which stops the harmful UV-B rays of the Sun reaching us mainly found the stratosphere because it can be poisonous to us
What is a weather forecast?
the scientific data that meteorologists use to predict weather represented on a weather map
Describe Spain's different climates taking into account distance from the Equator, distance from water and altitude.
Temperature climate with subtropical climate in the Canary Islands. Mountainous areas have the most precipitation which forms snow in the winter. Areas by the ocean are mild all year round with a lot of rain. Inland areas have hot summers and cold winters with little precipitation.
Describe three types of extreme weather
floods: when there is too much rain and it doesn’t filter through the soil fast enough
hurricanes: storms with very strong winds
droughts: lack of water for a long time