Biochem
What kind of macromolecule are steroids classified as?
Lipids/fats
From one glucose molecule, what is the net gain of ATP produced?
36
What is the role of the hypothalamus in hormonal regulation?
Detects stimuli/changes in the body, send signals to pituitary gland or effectors
The following can all be classified as?
Starch
Cellulose
Chitin
Glycogen
Polysaccharides/complex sugars
What enzyme is located at the end of the Electron Transport Chain?
ATP Synthase
Where in the nephron are the nutrients from filtrate reabsorbed?
Loop of Henle
In protein synthesis, what two kinds of RNA are utilized?
mRNA & tRNA
Give one example of each different kind of fat:
Saturated
Unsaturated
Trans fats
Saturated: Animal fats, butter, lard
Unsaturated: Oils, nuts, seeds, fish
Trans fats: Processed foods, shortening, fried foods, baked goods
In fermentation, which steps constantly repeats?
(Bonus 100 points: Why?)
Glycolysis, the only anaerobic step and fermentation does not use oxygen.
Which gland controls metabolism?
Thyroid
Identify 3 different ways the endocrine system maintains homeostasis
(200 points each)
- Responds to stimuli, processes a response, returns body back to neutral state
- Use of glands to send signals and release hormones in order to return body to homeostasis
- Use of many regulation systems to detect stimuli, and execute a response to return to a balanced state (osmoregulation, thermoregulation, chemoregulation, etc.)
Which macromolecule is the only one that can reproduce?
Nucleic acids
Name the four stages of cellular respiration and the locations of each
Glycolysis - cytoplasm/cytosol
Pyruvate Oxidation - mitochondrial matrix
Kreb's Cycle - mitochondrial matrix
Electron Transport Chain - inner membrane and intermembrane space
Name all lobes of the brain
Frontal
Temporal
Parietal
Occipital
Cerebellum
In transcription, what is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand?
The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the direction of the fork.
The lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction of the fork and is done in small Okazaki fragments.
What name can you call a molecule with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties (HINT: phospholipids)
Amphipathic
In photosynthesis, where do photons first hit the electrons?
Photosystem II
Jonah, a young adult, recently tried LSD at a party. Shortly after taking the drug, he begins to perceive colours more intensely, hears sounds that are not there, and experiences a sense of time slowing down. Jonah also finds himself engaging in deep philosophical thoughts that feel very real to him but seem disconnected from the physical world around him.
What class of drug might Jonah have taken?
Hallucinogen
What unit were we supposed to cover but didn't get to?
Population Dynamics