1
How many pairs of chromosome that human have?
23 pairs
cell cycle divided into...
Interphase ( G1, S, G2)
Mitosis (Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
Cytokinesis
how many chromosomes that normal human gametes have?
23 chromosome
Embryos contain ...
stem cells
Each chromosome carries a large number of...
genes
What is mitosis?
The division of a nucleus into two so that the two daughter cells have exactly the same number and type of chromosome as the parent cell
What is cancer?
uncontrolled cell growth due to problems in mitosis
What structure is responsible for moving the chromose during mitosis?
spindle
where exactly we found stem cell in adult? [2]
bone marrow
skin
gut
heart
brain
Specialised cells (eg: nerve cells) are formed when cells ...
differentiate
During which phase does the DNA make a copy of itself?
Interphase (S)
during which stage do sister chromatids begin to move toward opposite poles?
anaphase
What is the function of telomere?
to ensure that the ends of the molecule are included in the replication and not left out when DNA is replicated.
When stem cells divided, they have to possibilities. expalin about the possibilities for stem cells after divided?
1. remain stem cell
2. develope or differentiate into specialised cell
What are the functions of mitosis?
Growth
repair
reproduction (asexual reproduction)
Stem cells from meristems in plants can be used to produce ...
clones of plant quickly
what is the differences between mitosis that happen in plant cell and animal cell? [2]
1. Plant cells do not contain centrosomes
2. after nuclear division, new cell wall form between the daughter nuclei in plant cell
during which stage of the cell cycle are most mickrotubules produced?
G2 phase
What happen in telophase? [3]
1. nucleolus reforming
2. spindle is breaking down
3. nuclear envelope reforming
4. chromatid starts to uncoil
5. cytokinesis happen
Explain about what happen in metaphase? [3]
1. Chromosomes line up across the equator of the spindle
2. spindle/microtubules are clearly visible
3. centrosomes are located at opposite ends of the spindle
4. centromere attach to the spindle